cholesterol

Cholesterol is the primary sterol in mammals, accounting for approximately 20–25% of the plasma membrane structure. It plays a key role in regulating membrane fluidity, permeability, and protein function. As an endogenous agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), cholesterol is widely involved in metabolic regulation and serves as a precursor for the synthesis of hormones and bile acids. It is commonly used in experimental models of hyperlipidemia.

Cholesterol glucuronide is an endogenous lipid metabolite generated by UDP-gluconyltransferase in the liver.

4β-hydroxy Cholesterol is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T21530 and the CAS number is 17320-10-4.

22(S)-hydroxy Cholesterol is a synthetic oxysterol and a modulator of the liver X receptor (LXR). [1] t prevents monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) expression induced by the LXR agonist GW 3965 in primary hepatocytes and downregulates mRNA expression of the LXR target genes CD36, ACSL1, and SCD-1 in human myotubes. It decreases triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol synthesis from labeled palmitate and acetate, respectively, in human myoblasts by 50% when used at a concentration of 10 uM. 22(S)-hydroxy Cholesterol also reduces fatty acid synthase (FAS) reporter activity through an LXR response element in the promoter region in COS-1 cells transfected with RXRα and LXRα and decreases the expression of MCP-1 and CCR2 in a mouse model of chronic ethanol consumption.[1] [2] Dietary supplementation of 22(S)-hydroxy cholesterol (30 mg/kg per day) leads to less body weight gain and lower liver triacylglycerol levels in rats when fed either a regular chow or high-fat diet as well as prevents an increase in plasma triacylglycerol levels resulting from a high-fat diet.[3]

7β,27-dihydroxy Cholesterol is an oxysterol and agonist of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) and RORγt. [1] It activates RORγ- or RORγt-dependent signaling with EC50 values of 691 and 1,045 nM, respectively, in reporter assays using HEK293T cells expressing the recombinant human receptors. 7β,27-dihydroxy Cholesterol is selective for RORγ and RORγt over a panel of eight additional nuclear receptors at 30 µM. It increases IL-17A production in Th17-polarized isolated human na ve CD4+ T cells when used at a concentration of 300 nM. 7β,27-dihydroxy Cholesterol (60 mg/kg) increases IL-17A production in isolated mouse γδ T cells stimulated with 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin .

Cholesterol β-D-Glucoside (β-D-Glucopyranoside) is a toxicant produced by the human parasite Helicobacter pylori.

19-Alkyne Cholesterol, an alkyne-derivatized form of cholesterol, is utilized to trace its localization and distribution within subcellular compartments of NIH3T3 cells and to explore cholesterol's involvement in hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction within Shh-LIGHT2 cells through click chemistry alongside diverse reporter azides.

27-Alkyne Cholesterol, an alkyne derivative of cholesterol, facilitates the investigation of cholesterol metabolism and localization through click chemistry with reporter azides in both fixed and living cells. It serves as a substrate for enzymes across diverse species such as bacteria, yeast, rat, and human.

7α-Hydroxycholesterol, a cholesterol oxide formed through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation, can serve as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation.

Cholesteryl isoamyl ether is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

Cholesterol Myristate (Cholesteryl Myristate) is a natural steroid found in traditional Chinese medicine that interacts with various ion channels, including the GABAA receptor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and the inward-rectifier potassium ion channel.

24(S)-hydroxy Cholesterol (24S-OHC) is the terminal product of the cholesterol elimination pathway in neural tissues. It is an LXR agonist and a selective positive allosteric modulator of NMDARs. It can serve as a biomarker for NPD, induce cognitive decline in mice, and is useful for studying neurological diseases.

5α-Hydroxy-6-keto cholesterol is a β-epoxide metabolite and cholesterol derivative produced in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) exposed to ozone. It inhibits cholesterol synthesis (IC50=350 nM) and exhibits cytotoxicity.

19-hydroxy Cholesterol is an oxysterol and an internal standard for quantitative measurement of sterols by capillary gas chromatography. It can promote atherosclerosis. Frozen storage and grilling of Atlantic cod fillets (Merluccius hubbsi) can promote the increase of 19-Hydroxy cholesterol content.

Cholesterol (Water Soluble) is a water-soluble cholesterol preparation used in experimental studies to investigate the specific effects of cholesterol enrichment or depletion on the biophysical properties and functional characteristics of inner hair cells (IHCs) with regard to potassium currents. As an essential component of the plasma membrane, cholesterol has the ability to modulate the activity and kinetics of ion channels embedded in the lipid bilayer. (Note: This product is a mixture of cholesterol and methyl-β-cyclodextrin.)

3β-[N-(N′,N′-Dimethylaminoethyl)carbamoyl]cholesterol is a lipid utilized in research for cancer gene therapy and vaccine delivery systems.

7-Ketocholesterol is a metabolite of Cholesterol

Cholesterol sulfate is a multifunctional endogenous sterol sulfate and selective DOCK2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 2 μM in mouse assays. Cholesterol sulfate plays multiple roles including in epidermal barrier formation by regulating keratinocyte differentiation and corneocyte desquamation, functions as a serine-protease inhibitor, acts as a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, and activates RORα/γ in the thymus. Cholesterol sulfate serves as a critical research tool for investigating cutaneous biology, immunomodulation, steroid metabolism, sperm capacitation, platelet aggregation, and disorders such as X-linked ichthyosis.

27-Hydroxycholesterol (25(R)-27-hydroxy Cholesterol) is a selective modulator of estrogen receptor and an agonist of the liver X receptor.

AY 9944 is a specific cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor that targets the 7-dehydrocholesterol Δ7-reductase (DHCR7) enzyme (IC50=13 nM). At high doses, AY 9944 also inhibits sterol Δ7-Δ8 isomerase in cultured embryos, leading to the accumulation of cholest-8-en-3β-ol[1][2][3]. Additionally, AY 9944 causes hypocholesterolemia and accumulation of 7DHC.

Mitotane (NCI-C04933) is a derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.

7-Ketolithocholic acid (3α-Hydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholanic acid) is capable of absorption and suppresses the production of endogenous bile acid and the secretion of biliary cholesterol.

Rosuvastatin calcium (ZD4522) , a selective and competitive inhibitor of hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, has antilipidemic activity.

Methyl Cholate is the methyl ester form of bile acid, which is a major bile acid produced by the liver and synthesized from cholesterol.