blood brain barrier

Baclofen (Lioresal) is a synthetic chlorophenyl-butanoic acid derivative used to treat spasms due to spinal cord damage and multiple sclerosis, muscle-relaxing Baclofen acts as a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist specific for GABA-B receptors. It acts at spinal and supraspinal sites, reducing excitatory transmission.

Baclofen hydrochloride (4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid hydron chloride) is a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID derivative that is a specific GABA-B RECEPTORS agonist. It is used in the treatment of MUSCLE SPASTICITY, especially that due to SPINAL CORD INJURIES. Its therapeutic effects result from actions at spinal and supraspinal sites, generally the reduction of excitatory transmission.

high affinity agonist of the translocator protein

DSP-4 hydrochloride (Neurotoxin DSP 4 (hydrochloride)) (Neurotoxin DSP 4 hydrochloride) can be used for the temporary selective degradation of the central and peripheral noradrenergic neurons, mainly those from the locus coeruleus (LC). is a highly selective neurotoxin and readily passes the blood-brain barrier with neurotoxic effects on noradrenergic neurons of adult and developing rats,

HLY78 (4-Ethyl-5-methyl-5,6-dihydro-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-j]phenanthridine) targets the DIX domain of Axin, is an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and can enhance Axin-LRP6 binding to promote Wnt signaling.

Domperidone (R33812)(Motilium) is a dopamine blocker and an antidopaminergic reagent. It blocks the action of. It has strong affinities for the D2 and D3 dopamine receptors, which are found in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, located just outside the blood brain barrier, which - among others - regulates nausea and vomiting (area postrema on the floor of the fourth ventricle and rhomboid fossa).

Mecamylamine hydrochloride (Mevasin) is a nicotinic antagonist, used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension.

Omarigliptin is a potent and selective oral dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor with IC50 value of 1.6 nM. [3]

Q-VD-OPh is an irreversible caspase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 48 nM against caspase-7 and between 25 and 400 nM against caspase-1, 3, 8, 9, 10, 12. Q-VD-OPh inhibits HIV infection and can cross the blood-brain barrier.

Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), a widely used anti-diabetic drug, exhibits potential anti-Y properties by inhibiting the proliferation of various Y cells, including colon and prostate.

Rutin (Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside), a flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities including antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic properties.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a DNA alkylating agent with blood-brain barrier permeability and oral activity. Temozolomide has antitumor activity and antiangiogenic activity, and also induces apoptosis and autophagy. Temozolomide is stable under acidic conditions and hydrolyzes under neutral or slightly alkaline conditions.

SC79 is an AKT agonist with specificity and blood-brain barrier permeability. SC79 specifically binds to the PH domain of AKT, activates cytoplasmic AKT, and inhibits AKT membrane translocation. SC79 has neuroprotective activity.

MPTP hydrochloride is a dopamine neurotoxin and the precursor of MPP⁺. It can induce apoptosis and has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. MPTP hydrochloride is toxic to dopaminergic neurons and is commonly used for the construction of Parkinson's disease animal models.

Clozapine N-oxide is the major metabolite of Clozapine and is blood-brain barrier permeable. Clozapine N-oxide is an agonist of DREADDs and activates the DREADD receptors hM3Dq and hM4Di. Clozapine N-oxide is also a dopamine antagonist and selective muscarinic M4 receptor agonist.

C-176 (STING inhibitor 1) is a STING inhibitor with selectivity and blood-brain barrier permeability. C-176 inhibits STING-mediated IFNβ production and possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

PX-478 is a HIF-1α inhibitor with selectivity, oral activity, and blood-brain barrier permeability. PX-478 has antitumor activity and also protects pancreatic β-cell function in diabetes mellitus and is used in type 2 diabetes mellitus research.

Salvianolic acid A (Dan Phenolic Acid A) is a natural product and an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Salvianolic acid A has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and protects the blood-brain barrier.

TIC10 (ONC-201) inactivates Akt and ERK to induce TRAIL through Foxo3a, possesses superior drug properties: delivery across the blood-brain barrier, superior stability and improved pharmacokinetics. Phase 1/2.

PLX5622 is an orally active small-molecule CSF1R inhibitor that selectively depletes microglia in the brains of mice and rats. It is commonly used to establish models related to microglia-associated neuroinflammation, neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease), brain injury, and neuroimmune regulation.

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) is an AMPK activator with blood-brain barrier permeability. Metformin may improve glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal glucose uptake, and is commonly used in type 2 diabetes research.

Antihistamine-1 is an H1-antihistamine (Ki: 6.9 nM) with acceptable blood-brain barrier penetration and also an inhibitor of CYP2D6 and hERG channel (IC50s: 5.4 and 0.8 μM).

BPR1M97 is a mu opioid receptor (MOP) and neuropeptide-orphin FQ (NOP) receptor agonist with blood-brain barrier permeability and potency, with Kis values of 1.8 nM for MOP and 4.2 nM for NOP.BPR1M97 exhibits anti-injurious effects and antinociceptive effects.

Masupirdine free base (SUVN-502 free base) is an orally available 5-HT6 receptor antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier, with a Ki value of 2.04 nM for the human 5-HT6 receptor. It is potent and selective, inhibiting multiple targets, and can be used in the study of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.