renal

CB2 modulator 1 is a potent CB2 modulator. It can be used for the research for immune disorders, osteoporosis, inflammation, renal ischemia.

Torsemide (AC-4464) is an anilinopyridine sulfonylurea belonging to the class of loop diuretics. Torsemide has a prolonged duration of action compared to other loop diuretics, is extensively protein bound in plasma and has a relatively long half-life.

Cilastatin (MK0791) is a renal dehydropeptidase-I and leukotriene D4 dipeptidase inhibitor. Since the antibiotic, IMIPENEM, is hydrolyzed by dehydropeptidase-I, which resides in the brush border of the renal tubule, cilastatin is administered with imipenem to increase its effectiveness. The drug also inhibits the metabolism of leukotriene D4 to leukotriene E4.

D(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride is a well-established experimental toxin that induces liver injury primarily by generating free radicals and depleting UTP nucleotides, and it can be used to establish lipopolysaccharide/D-Galactosamine-induced hepatitis or acute liver injury models.

STF-62247 is TGN inhibitor with IC50 of 0.625 μM and 16 μM in RCC4 and RCC4/VHL cells, respectively.

L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium ((S)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium) is an epigenetic modifier and putative oncometabolite in renal cancer. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid inhibits mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) activity(Km and Ki of 2.52 mM and 11.13 mM, respectively).

Resorcinolnaphthalein is a specific enhancer of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (EC50 value of 19.5 μM).

Palosuran (ACT-058362) (ACT-058362) is a new potent and specific antagonist of the human UT receptor.

Phytic acid dipotassium salt is an endogenous metabolite that inhibits β-secretase 1 (BACE1).

NS-3-008 hydrochloride (NS-3-008 HCl) is a transcriptional G0/G1 switch 2 (G0s2) inhibitor( IC50 of 2.25 μM).

MKC-1 (Ro-31-7453) is an orally bioavailable small-molecule bisindolylmaleimide cell cycle inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. MKC-1 and its metabolites inhibit tubulin polymerization, blocking mitotic spindle formation, which may result in apoptosis and tumor cell death.

Trichlormethiazide (Naqua) is a short-acting, 3-dichloromethyl derivative of hydrochlorothiazide, belonging to the class of thiazide diuretics. Trichlormethiazide appears to block the active reabsorption of chloride and possibly sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, altering electrolyte transfer in the proximal tubule.

Irbesartan (SR-47436) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker whose mechanism of action involves antagonizing the Angiotensin 2 Receptor.

Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, possessing mineralocorticoid activity and serving as a precursor to aldosterone. As an agonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor, DOCA can induce severe kidney damage, including inflammation, fibrosis, glomerular injury, and proteinuria. It is commonly used to establish animal models of chronic kidney injury and hypertension.

Fosfomycin calcium (Phosphomycin calcium salt) is a blood-brain barrier penetrating, broad-spectrum antibiotic by irreversibly inhibiting an early stage in cell wall synthesis.

An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.

Citric Acid Monohydrate is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative.

Citric acid (Citro) is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is a food additive and a natural preservative.

Fosfomycin sodium is a bactericidal, low-molecular weight, broad-spectrum antibiotic, with putative activity against several bacteria, including multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, by irreversibly inhibiting an early stage in cell wall synthesis.

Temocapril is an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase.

Fezagepras (Setogepram) is an orally active GPR40 agonist and is an antagonist or inverse agonist of GPR84 with anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-proliferative actions.

R-268712 is a specific activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitor(IC50 of 2.5 nM). It is also an orally active transforming growth factor-β type I receptor inhibitor.

PFI-2 is an effective, specific and cell-active lysine methyltransferase SETD7 inhibitor (Ki/IC50: 0.33/2 nM), 1000-fold selectivity over other methyltransferases and other non-epigenetic targets.

Djenkolic Acid (S,S'-Methylenebiscysteine) is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid extracted from djenkol beans(Archidendron pauciflorum), which is native to Southeast Asia. It is an uncommon but important cause of acute kidney injury in human.