Gum arabic is an orally active natural branched polymer primarily composed of a mixture of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. It exhibits biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and antimicrobial properties, commonly used in biomaterials, stabilizers, emulsifiers, etc. Gum Arabic demonstrates hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective, anti-obesity, and upregulation of cell maturation marker expression activities.

Gum arabic (0.5%, 10 min, 60 min, and 120 min) can significantly promote the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) [1].

Oral administration of Gum arabic (100 g/L for 5 consecutive days) through drinking water significantly reduced acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in male Swiss albino mice [2].
Gum arabic (10% w/w, administered orally via diet for 12 weeks) inhibited high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice, primarily by reducing body weight, decreasing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass, lowering blood glucose and plasma lipid (total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL) levels, and regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related genes [3].