antioxidant activity

Narcissin (Isorhamnetin 3-Rutinoside), with synergism of B.flavum flavonoid and rutin, could be responsible for stronger protection against mitochondrial induced oxidative stress.

Salvianolic acid A (Dan Phenolic Acid A) is a natural product and an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). Salvianolic acid A has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and protects the blood-brain barrier.

Kukoamine B mesylate is a novel cationic alkaloid derived from dermatophytes with antioxidant activity, inhibits LPS internalization in Kupffer and RAW 264.7 cells, and can be used to study acute inflammation and diabetes.

Nothofagin has antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities, it possesses anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.

Hydrangenol is a natural product and can be isolated from Hydrangea serrata leaves. Hydrangenol is an antiphotoaging compound with oral activity. Hydrangenol can reduce MMP and inflammatory cytokine expression and increase moisturizing factors and antioxidant genes level, result in preventing wrinkle formation.

4-Hydroxy-6-methylcoumarin (4-HMC) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound, a derivative of coumarin, found in a variety of plants, fungi, and bacteria. It has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity.4-HMC is used as a flavoring agent, preservative and antioxidant in the food industry.

Ellagic acid (Gallogen), a thickened tetracyclic natural product, is a potent CK2 inhibitor (IC50=40 nM; Ki=20 nM) with ATP-competitive properties. Ellagic acid is an antioxidant and also possesses antiproliferative activity.

Protocatechuic acid (3, 4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid) (3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) is a natural phenolic compound found in many edible and medicinal plants. Recent studies indicate that it could be used as a protective agent against cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. The mechanism of its action is mostly associated with antioxidant activity, including inhibition of generation as well as scavenging of free radicals and up-regulating enzymes which participate in their neutralization.

Methyl EudesMate, synthesized from Gallic acid, has antioxidant activity and is commonly used in the production of sulfonamide synergist intermediates, trimethoprim (TMP) and many other drugs.

Naringin (Naringoside), a flavanone glycoside, exerts various of pharmacological effects such as blood lipid lowering, antioxidant activity, anticancer activity, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Hesperidin (Cirantin) is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and antihypertensive and lipid-lowering activity.

Lignin (Lignine), the primary component of plant cell walls, is a renewable aromatic polymer with strong antioxidant activity. This natural complex biopolymer is both biodegradable and biocompatible.

Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins and is found in diverse plant foods, including pomegranates, berries, walnuts, tropical fruits, and medicinal herbs. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Urolithin B has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

2,2,5,7,8-Pentamethyl-6-Chromanol (PMC) is the antioxidant component of vitamin E (α-tocopherol) and exhibits significant androgen receptor (AR) signaling modulation and anti-cancer activity against prostate cancer cell lines.

L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Vitamin C phosphate) is a stable and long-lasting vitamin C derivative that stimulates collagen formation and has potential antioxidant capacity. L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate is commonly used to promote osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) in cell culture by increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and runt-related transcription factor-2-DNA(runx2A) expression.

2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (Gentisic acid) is an active metabolite of salicylic acid degradation with a broad spectrum of biological activity, such as anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic and antioxidant properties.

Ethyl Vanillate (Bourbonal) , a vanillin analog, is a flavoring agent that exhibits strong antioxidant activity.

Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin with erythropoietic, glucose-regulatory, antioxidant, and mood-regulatory properties. It inhibits lead-induced lipid peroxidation, preventing lead poisoning, and plays a crucial role in cellular energy production from ingested food while enhancing normal neuronal activity.

Methyl Linoleate (Telfairic Acid methyl ester) linoleate has antioxidant activity.

1. Octyl Gallate is an antioxidant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a food additive. 2. Octyl Gallate has antimetastatic activity. 3. Octyl Gallate shows antimicrobial activity against H. pylori, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 125 ug/mL. 4. Combination therapy with octyl gallate and ferulic acid improves cognition and neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.5. Octyl Gallate is a potential anticancer agent, it exhibited decreased MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231 survival and induced apoptosis, with IC50 value of 40 uM. 6. Octyl gallate (Octyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate) has antiviral activity, it shows an inhibitory effect on the growth of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in HEp-2 or Vero cells. 7. Octyl gallate shows antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC7754 and Zygosaccharomyces bailii ATCC 60483.

Hinokitiol (4-Isopropyltropolone) can inhibit ultraviolet B-induced apoptosis in keratinocytes and strongly suggest that the inhibitory mechanism is due to the antioxidant activity of metallothionein induced by the agent. Also, Hinokitiol modulates estrogen receptor signaling and inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells.

Methyl (E)-4-hydroxycinnamatee is found in several plants such as onion or Morinda citrifolia. It induces apoptosis in combination with Carnosic Acid and kills acute myeloid leukemia cells. It has antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

3-Hydroxypyridine exhibits inhibitory activity against DNA topoisomerase 2-beta (Topo IIβ) and HIV-1 replication in Sup-T1 cells, making it useful for studying the HIV-1 virus.

Acacetin (5,7-Dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone) is an O-methylated flavone found in various plants, exhibiting antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities in different research models.