a-toxin

Expression system: Baculovirus Insect Cells
Length: 20-84, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 2387-2710, Partial
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 39-280, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 21-84, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 29-398, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 27-319, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: P. pastoris (Yeast)
Length: 27-319, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Cholera toxin (CT) produced by Vibrio cholerae causes the devastating diarrhea of cholera by catalyzing the ADP-ribosylation of the alpha subunit of the intestinal Gs protein (Gsalpha), leading to characteristic water and electrolyte losses. Mammalian cells contain ADP-ribosyltransferases similar to CT and an ADP-ribosyl(arginine)protein hydrolase (ADPRH), which cleaves the ADP-ribose-(arginine)protein bond, regenerating native protein and completing an ADP-ribosylation cycle. CT-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of cell proteins can be counteracted by ADPRH, which could function as a modifier gene in disease. Further, our study demonstrates that enzymatic cross talk exists between bacterial toxin ADP-ribosyltransferases and host ADP-ribosylation cycles. In disease, toxin-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation overwhelms this potential host defense system, resulting in persistence of ADP-ribosylation and intoxication of the cell. Mono-ADP-ribosylation is a reversible modification of proteins with NAD:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferases and ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases (ADPRH) catalyzing the opposing arms of an ADP-ribosylation cycle. The ADPRH cDNA had been cloned from human, rat, and mouse tissues and high levels of mRNA were found in brain, spleen, and testis. Human ADP-ribosylhydrolase 1 (hARH1, ADPRH) cleaves the glycosidic bond of ADP-ribose attached to an Arg residue of a protein.

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rac2) is a small G-protein belonging to the Ras subfamily of the GTPase family. Rac2 acts as an on off switch for signal transduction cascades and motilities. When GDP is attached to the small G-protein, the enzyme is inactivated. Release of the GDP and replace of the GTP cativate the GTPasee. Rac2 remains active until the GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP. Rac2 is a hematopoietic-specific Rho family GTPase implicated as an important constituent of the NADPH oxidase complex and shares 92% amino acid identity with the ubiquitously expressed Rac1. The small G-protein Rac2 regulates the rearrangements of actin and membrane necessary for Fcy receptor-mediated phagocytosis by macrophages. Activated Rac2 binds to the p21-binding domain of PAK1 and this binding provided a basis for microscopic methods to localize activation of these G proteins inside cells.

GFR alpha -like (GDNF receptor-alpha-like) is a distant member of the GDNFR family of proteins. Mature human GFR alpha-like is a 376 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane protein. It contains a 333 aa extracellular domain, a 20 aa transmembrane domain and a 23 aa cytoplasmic domain.GFRAL is a brainstem-restricted receptor for GDF15 which regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. GFRAL GFR alpha-like Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40.7 kDa and the accession number is XP_015304775.2.

Expression system: HEK293 Cells
Length: 20-350, Partial
Activity: ELISA

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 22-124, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 22-367, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 23-362, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 1-102, Full Length
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 30-309, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: P. pastoris (Yeast)
Length: 26-325, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: P. pastoris (Yeast)
Length: 1-287, Full Length
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 20-85, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 277-487, Partial
Activity: Not Tested

Expression system: HEK293 Cells
Length: 19-351, Extracellular Domain
Activity: ELISA、SPR

Expression system: HEK293 Cells
Length: 19-351, Extracellular Domain
Activity: ELISA

Expression system: HEK293 Cells
Length: 19-351, Extracellular Domain
Activity: ELISA

Expression system: E. coli
Length: 20-83, Full Length of Mature Protein
Activity: Not Tested