Antioxidant

Etomoxir is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT-1a) inhibitor that inhibits fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting CPT-1a and inhibits palmitate oxidation in humans, rats, and guinea pigs. Etomoxir has an inhibitory effect on adenine nucleotide translocase and can inhibit macrophage polarization by disrupting CoA homeostasis.

Deferoxamine（Desferrioxamine B） is an iron chelator (binds Fe(III) and many other metal cations) that inhibits neuronopathy, may be used to modify the reduction of iron accumulation and deposition in tissues, and may improve neurological dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis and neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury.Desferrioxamin-B has antioxidant, antiproliferative, Deferoxamine has antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antitumor activities, and can induce HIF-1α production, apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells.Desferrioxamin-B can be used in the treatment of acute iron toxicity and COVID-19 related diseases.

(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-(3''-O-methyl) gallate ((-)-EGCG-3''-O-ME) is a natural product isolated from tea leaves with potent antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial properties, and it improves the adhesive stability of etching rinsing adhesives to dentin.

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is a natural product, extracted from Pole Fork Kelaroa, and is a lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC50=8 μM). Nordihydroguaiaretic acid possesses antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties.

Girinimbine (Girinimbin) is a carbazole alkaloid isolated from the plants M. koenigii, M. koenigii, and Murraya koenigii. Girinimbine exhibits a wide range of biological effects, including apoptosis, antitrypanosomal, antiplatelet, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities.

Chamazulene (Dimethulene) is a terpenoid obtained from Matricaria chamomilla L.. It possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, inhibits leukotriene B4 formation and can be used in the study of melanoma.

Piceatannol 4'-O-glucoside (Piceatannol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) is a natural antioxidant, a glucoside extracted from rhubarb, which is used in the study of diabetes.

Trolox is a vitamin E analogue, used in reducing oxidative stress or damage.

Schaftoside (APIGENIN-6-GLUCOSIDE-8-ARABINOSIDE) has antioxidant and anticancer activity.

Pachypodol, a methoxyflavonoid isolated from Pogostemon cablin Bentham, has antioxidant and cytoprotective properties and inhibits the growth of CaCo 2 colon cancer cell lines in vitro.Pachypodol protects neonatal rats from anesthesia-induced apoptosis in the developing brain through modulation of the JNK ERK pathway.PDGFRα kinase inhibitory activity in macrophages exposed to STING agonists.

1. Geraniin has a protective effect against OVX-induced rat osteoporosis. 2. Geraniin has cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 3. Geraniin exerts inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and suppresses Ti particle

Aureusidin (Auresidin) shows antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with anti-inflammatory effects.

[10]-Shogaol (10-Shogaol) is an extract from ginger displaying antioxidant activity. It also may contain hypolipidemic and insulin-sensitizing effects.

(-)-Anonaine can be extracted from several species of Magnoliaceae and Annelidae and has antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antidepressant and vasodilatory activities. (-)-Anonaine induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, induces DNA damage and inhibits the growth and migration of human lung cancer h1299 cells through Bax and caspase-dependent pathways.

Ergothioneine (L-(+)-Ergothioneine) is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. It is generally considered an antioxidant.

Roseoside ((6S,9R)-roseoside), a sesquiterpenoid isolated from Catharanthus roseus, has strong antioxidant and proinsulinic activity, inhibits lipid oxidation, enhances insulin release from the β-cell line INS-1, and can be used in cancer research.

AFMK (Formyl-N-acetyl-5-methoxykynurenamine) is an active metabolite of Melatonin with antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. AFMK is a modulator of apoptosis and improves the anti-tumor effect of Gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells.

Kukoamine B, as a constituent of Lycii Cortex, exhibits anti-acute inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic characteristics.

Oleoylestrone (MP-101) is present in plasma and adipose tissue, has potential antioxidant effects, induces loss of body fat in rats, and can be used for weight loss.

Rhombifoline is a family of alkaloids isolated from the leaf stems of Anagyrus foetida and Genista tenera.

Hedyotisol B is a lignan isolated and purified from the fruit of Cyathea spinosa with antioxidant activity.

Quadranoside III is a triterpenoid compound isolated from the dried stems and leaves of Melissa officinalis with potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities.

Sanguinarine (Pseudochelerythrine) is a specific inhibitor of Rac1b with anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Chrysin-7-O-glucuronide (Chrysin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranuronoside) is a natural product, with antioxidant activity

Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (8-Gingerol) , a major polyphenol found in black tea, is an inducer of oxidative stress which has anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions, it reduces tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1αand VEGF.

Isoliensinine (Isoliensinin) is a natural product, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid. Isoliensinine has antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiarrhythmic activities.

Cynarin (1,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid) has neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects, it can inhibition of GSK3β as well as the modulation of Bcl-2 Bax.

Bryonolic acid (20-epi-Bryonolic acid), a triterpenoid extracted from Sandoricum indicum, possesses immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activities and protects PC12 cells from NMDA-induced apoptosis by inhibiting Ca2+ in-flux and modulating gene expression in the Ca2+-CaMKII-CREB signalling pathway.

Peonidin 3,5-diglucoside (Peonidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride) is an anthocyanin that can be isolated from the flowers of C. terminalis and has potential antioxidant activity for use in studies of asthma.

Diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Eridictiol) exhibits antioxidant activity.

8-Hydroxyapigenin (Isoscutellarein) is a brassinaceous compound derived from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-influenza virus activity.

Zeaxanthin is a dietary carotenoid that accumulates in the retina (particularly the macula) and has antioxidant activity that may improve obesity, prevent age-related macular degeneration, and protect against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

BMY-21502 is a potential cognitive enhancer that shows anti-hypoxia effects in the KCN-hypoxia model, delays the decay of hippocampal synaptic enhancement in vitro, and can be used to study Alzheimer's disease.

γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine (L-γ-Glutamyl-(S)-Allyl-Cysteine) is a γ-glutamyl peptide derived from Allium sativum L., known for its anti-glycation and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to inhibit cholesterol biosynthesis.

Oroxin B (Hypocretin-2) has antioxidant activity.

Salviaflaside is the main bioactive component of Prunella vulgaris and has antioxidant activity.

Zerumbone is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene first isolated from rhizomes of the wild ginger Z. zerumbet.It has also been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, contributing to immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects.

Lecanoric acid is a compound derived from Lecanoric acid, which has antioxidant activity and promotes the growth of probiotics.

11-O-Galloylbergenin is isolated from of Mallotus philippinensis with antioxidant and antiplasmodial activities.

L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is not considered one of the 20 amino acids, L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is a sulfur-containing derivative obtained from oxidation of cysteine amino acid thiol side chains. It functions as an antioxidant and protects tissues against radiation and pollution, slowing the aging process. It also aids protein synthesis. L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is abundant in many proteins of skeletal tissues and skin, and found in insulin and digestive enzymes chromotrypsinogen A, papain, and trypsinogen.

Epiberberine chloride, a natural pro-berberine from Coptis chinensis Franch. is an AChE, BChE, and BACE1 inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.07, 6.03, and 8.55 μM, respectively.Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant effects and inhibits the effects of Ca9-22 and Fa2R. Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant effects, inhibits the motility of Ca9-22 and FaDu cell lines, and can be used to study hyperlipidemia, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes.

Spathulenol is a natural ingredient from Aristolochia yunnanensis that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-proliferation, anti-ulcer and anti-mycobacterium activities. Spathulenol showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH system with IC50 of 85.60 μg mL.

Pedaliin is a flavonoid extracted from the above-ground parts of sesame (Sesamum indicum L) and the Tibetan medicine Dracocephalum tanguticum Maxim.Pedaliin has shown antioxidant and anticancer effects against colon cancer in vitro, and can be used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.

3,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Isochlorogenic acid B) has antioxidant activity.

1. Sinapine, an alkaloid from seeds of the cruciferous species, can be used as an effective natural compound for chemo-resistance. 2. Sinapine has antioxidant and radio-protective activities.

1. Gelsemine (Gelsemin) has antitumor activity. 2. Gelsemine has anti-oxidative activity. 3. Gelsemine has anti-hyperlipidemic activity. 4. Gelsemine has marked antinociception in inflammatory, neuropathic and bone cancer pains without inducing antinociceptive tolerance.

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT FCC NF) is an antioxidant widely used in food, cosmetics and industrial liquids. It is a ferroptosis inhibitor.

Dihydrorobinetin ((+)-Dihydrorobinetin) is a compound extracted from Robinia pseudoacacia. It is a marker of vinegar aging in Robinia pseudoacacia wood. It has antioxidant activity and is often added to skin care products.

Phycocyanobilin (PCB), a linear open-chain tetrapyrrole chromophore, is a bilirubin analog with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity for the study of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

3,4'-Dihydroxy-3,5',7-trimethoxyflavan is a flavonoid compound extracted from the stem of Machilus japonica. It is a phospholipase C71 (PLCγ1) inhibitor with anticancer antioxidant activity and can be used to study cancer.