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Carboprost (15(S)-15-Methyl Prostaglandin F2α) is a synthetic analogue of PGF2α with oxytocic properties, commonly used to restore uterine tone.

Secondary alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

2',3'-cGAMP sodium (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP sodium) is a second messenger in cellular innate immunity, catalyzed by cGAMP synthase (cGAS) under DNA binding conditions. It binds to STING to form a dimer, inducing the production and expression of interferon-β and other cytokines.

Belzutifan (MK-6482) is a potential treatment for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Belzutifan is an orally active and selective HIF-2α inhibitor (IC50: 9 nM). Belzutifan , as a second-generation HIF-2α inhibitor, increases potency and improves pharmacokinetic profile.

Defactinib (VS-6063) is a second-generation inhibitor of FAK that inhibits FAK phosphorylation at the Tyr397 site. Defactinib has potential antitumor activity.

Quizartinib (AC220) is an inhibitor of FLT3 (Kd: 1.6 nM) and demonstrates high selectivity for FLT3 when tested against a panel of 227 additional kinases.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an agonist for S1P1-5 receptors and a ligand for GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12. As an intracellular second messenger, it mobilizes Ca2+ and acts as an extracellular ligand for G-protein coupled receptors. This important lipid mediator is generated from sphingosine or other membrane phospholipids.

Osimertinib (AZD-9291) is an EGFR third-generation inhibitor that inhibits the T790M resistance mutation produced by second-generation EGFR inhibitors with irreversible and oral activity. Osimertinib has antitumor activity for the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer.

Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) is a STING agonist and a second messenger in bacteria. It is involved in a variety of processes in prokaryotes, including biofilm formation, motility, and cell cycle progression. Cyclic-di-GMP disodium (5GP-5GP disodium) exhibits antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, inducing increased CD4 receptor expression and cell cycle arrest, and is a novel therapeutic agent that can be developed to prevent or treat cancer.

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that exerts its antibacterial activity by inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis in susceptible bacteria. It also alters cell membrane permeability and selectively inhibits RNA synthesis. Vancomycin is commonly used to treat severe infections resistant to other antibiotics and is frequently employed in experimental studies to induce kidney injury models.

ASP-4058 is a selective, safe, and orally active second-generation agonist of sphingosine phosphate receptors 1 and 5 (S1P1 and S1P5).ASP-4058 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.

YKL-06-062 is a second-generation salt-inducible kinase (SIK) inhibitor that targets SIK1, SIK2, and SIK3, with IC50 values of 2.12 nM, 1.40 nM, and 2.86 nM, respectively.

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is an effective calcium mobilization second messenger synthesized from NAD+ by ADP-ribosyl cyclase. It mainly increases cytosolic calcium through Ryanodine receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum release and extracellular influx via the opening of TRPM2 channels.

JAK3i is a selective covalent inhibitor of JAK3 kinase. JAK3i reveals two distinct temporal waves of STAT5 phosphorylation and more potently targets the second wave, which is required for cell cycle progression and T cell proliferation.

KM-023 is a new second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection.

BDCRB inhibits herpesvirus DNA maturation. BDCRB causes the HCMV terminase to skip the normal cleavage site and to continue to package DNA until a second cleavage site is encountered 30 kb further along the concatemer.

Cetirizine dihydrochloride (UCB P071) is an effective second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is potent in the therapy of allergic rhinitis, confirmed urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike other conventional antihistamines, it does not cause side effects of drowsiness or anticholinergic.

Mizolastine (SL 850324) (IC50= 47 nM) is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist.It is used in the treatment of allergic reactions such as hay fever (seasonal allergic rhinitis), hives.

Secnidazole (PM-185184) is a second-generation 5-nitroimidazole antimicrobial that is structurally related to other 5-nitroimidazoles including [DB00916] and [DB00911], but displays improved oral absorption and longer terminal elimination half-life than antimicrobial agents in this class [A27210]. Secnidazole is selective against many anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and protozoa.

Clofarabine (Clofarex)m, a second generation purine nucleoside analog with antineoplastic activity, inhibits the enzymatic activities of ribonucleotide reductase (IC50 = 65 nM) and DNA polymerase.

Gliquidone (AR-DF 26) is a potent, second-generation sulfonylurea with antihyperglycemic activity, exhibiting greater binding affinity to SUR1 and increased potency compared to first-generation compounds. Additionally, this agent exerts peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonistic activity.

Cefixime (FR-17027) is a broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived semisynthetically from the marine fungus Cephalosporium acremonium with antibacterial activity. As does penicillin, the beta-lactam antibiotic cefixime inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by disrupting peptidoglycan synthesis, resulting in a reduction in bacterial cell wall stability and bacterial cell lysis. Stable in the presence of a variety of beta-lactamases, this agent is more active against gram-negative bacteria and less active against gram-positive bacteria compared to second-generation cephalosporins.

Loratadine (SCH 29851) is a second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.

Cefuroxime Sodium is the sodium salt form of cefuroxime and a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant, second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cefuroxime sodium (Cefuroxime sodium salt) inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by inactivating penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) thereby interfering with the final transpeptidation step required for cross-linking of peptidoglycan units which are a component of the cell wall. Lack of cross-linking results in a reduction of cell wall stability and leads to cell lysis.