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Evenamide (NW-3509) is a sodium channel blocker. Which shows efficacy in a broad spectrum of rodent models of psychosis, mania, depression, and aggressiveness.

AMTB hydrochloride (AMTB HCl) is a novel TRPM8 channel blocker and is effective for pain and urinary diseases. AMTB can act on the bladder afferent pathway to attenuate the bladder micturition reflex and nociceptive reflex responses in the rat.

Dizocilpine Maleate (MK-801 maleate) is a potent, selective, and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with a Kd value of 37.2 nM. It is commonly used in the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases in which NMDA receptors may be involved, and can also be used to induce schizophrenia models.

Erastin is an iron death activator that acts on the mitochondrial VDAC in a ROS- and iron-dependent manner. Erastin has anti-tumor activity and acts selectively on tumor cells with RAS-carcinogenic mutations.

IEM 1754 2HBr (IEM 1754 dihydrobromide) is a selective AMPA/kainate receptor blockers for GluR1 and GluR3 with IC50 of 6 μM.

Proparacaine Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of proparacaine, a benzoic acid derivative with local anesthetic property. Proparacaine hydrochloride (Proparacaine HCl) stabilizes the neuronal membrane by binding to and inhibiting voltage-gated sodium channels, thereby inhibiting sodium ion influx required for the initiation and conduction of impulses within the neuronal cell, and resulting in a loss of sensation.

Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) is a hydantoin derivative and a non-sedative antiepileptic agent with anticonvulsant activity. It potentially acts by promoting sodium efflux from neurons in the motor cortex, reducing post-tetanic potentiation at synapses. This prevents cortical seizure foci from spreading to adjacent areas and stabilizes the threshold against hyperexcitability. Additionally, it appears to reduce muscle spindle sensitivity to stretch, causing muscle relaxation.

Ebselen (CCG-39161) is a organoselenium compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and cytoprotective activity. Ebselen acts as a glutathione peroxidase mimetic and is thereby able to prevent cellular damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, this agent inhibits the activity of a variety of enzymes including nitric oxide synthase (NOS), 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, protein kinase C (PKC), NADPH oxidase and gastric H+/K+-ATPase. Furthermore, ebselen may be neuroprotective due to its ability to neutralize free radicals upon NMDA receptor activation thus, reducing lipoperoxidation mediated by glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

Brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3) is a potent allosteric activator of voltage-gated Na+ channels, exhibiting a high affinity for site 5 and inhibiting the inactivation of these channels.

Meclofenamic acid (Meclofenamate) is a non-selective gap-junction blocker and a selective inhibitor of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) enzyme, with notable anti-inflammatory activities.

RY785 is a potent and selective inhibitor of voltage-gated potassium channels, such as KV2.2 (IC50 = 50 nM). This compound may be used in pain relief studies.

ILS-920 is a Rapamycin analog characterized by diminished immunosuppressive effects but remarkable neuroprotective properties. It exhibits selective binding affinity towards the immunophilin FKBP52 as well as the β1-subunit of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). ILS-920 displays a notable 200-fold preference for FKBP52 over FKBP12.

Veratridine is a benzoate-cevane found in Veratrum and Schoenocaulon. It activates sodium channels to stay open longer than normal.

Co 102862 is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. Co 102862 can be used for anticonvulsant studies.

DPI-201-106 is a cardioselective inhibitor of the TTX-resistant h1 Na channel inactivation. DPI-201-106 inhibits the L-type calcium current, and inward and delayed rectifier potassium currents.

Etidocaine Hydrochloride (W19053) is a long-acting anesthetic and a blocker of the voltage-gated sodium channel.

Eslicarbazepine (Stedesa) can be used for adjunctive therapy for adults with partial-onset seizures.

VSTx-3 is a potassium voltage-gated channel (K_V) blocker, which has also been shown to be a potent tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-sensitive) sodium channel inhibitor, with particular efficacy against NaV1.8 channels, as evidenced by its half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC_50) values of 0.19 μM for hNaV1.3, 0.43 μM for hNaV1.7, and 0.77 μM for hNaV1.8 channels.

Dizocilpine (MK-801) is a selective non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist with a Kd of 37.2 nM that exhibits anticonvulsant effects. It acts by binding to a site within the NMDA-associated ion channel, blocking the flow of Ca²⁺, and is commonly used to establish schizophrenia models.

Licarbazepine (10,11-hydroxy-10,11 Dihydrocarbamezer) is the pharmacologically active metabolite of oxcarbazepine, a drug indicated for the treatment of partial seizures and bipolar disorders.

PF-05186462 (PF-05150122) is a potent, state-dependent, subtype selective Nav1.7 inhibitor with IC50 of 21 nM, no significant activity against Nav1.5.

Crobenetine (BIII 890 CL) Free Base is a selective NaV channel blocker that eliminates VTD-induced [Ca2+] elevation.

Phenytoin sodium (Diphantoine) is an inactive stabilizer for voltage-gated sodium channel .

Mexiletine hydrochloride (KOE-1173 hydrochloride) is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker and a Class IB antiarrhythmic drug. Mexiletine hydrochloride exerts antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting sodium current in myocardial cells, thereby reducing the rise rate of cardiac action potential (phase 0) and reducing the automaticity of Purkinje fibers.