ldl

Gardenin A shows neurotrophic effects via activating MAPK ERK, PKC, and PKA. Gardenin A exhibits antidepressant, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects.

Taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues and is one of the constituents of bile acids. Taurine is involved in a number of processes related to energy expenditure and muscle function, and can treat fatigue and muscles as well as improve immune function.

Tanshindiol C protects macrophages from oxLDL induced foam cell formation via activation of Prdx1 ABCA1 signaling and that Prdx1 may be a novel target for therapeutic intervention of atherosclerosis.It possesses a unique anti-cancer activity whose mechani

Euscaphic acid has anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities, it inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by interference with the clustering of TRAF6 with IRAK1 and TAK1, resulting in blocking the activation of IKK and MAPKs signal transduction

Siamenoside I is a natural product,and is one of the mogrosides that has several kinds of bioactivities, it exhibits maltase inhibitory effect with the IC50 value of 12 mM.

Flavone glycoside from Robinia with antibacterial and diuretic properties; derived from kaempferol.The ability of robinin to reverse the multidrug resistance of the human colon cancer cell line Colo 320 expreβing MDR1 LRP was explored by monitoring their uptake of Rhodamine 123, but was shown to have minimal effect. Robinin (NSC-9222) was detected in lysates of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using liquid chromatography-tandem maβ spectrometry.

beta-Amyrin acetate inhibits HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) and sEH activity with IC50 of 3.4 μM. beta-Amyrin acetate has anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities.

Alpinumisoflavone has atheroprotective effects, may result from their ability to upregulate mechanisms promoting HDL-cholesterol and bile acid formation, it is endowed with estrogenic properties accounting, at least in part, for E. lysistemon effects. Alp

Trichosanatine and squamosamide, as potential candidates as lead compounds for further study in drug development process with the PP2A- α protein. Trichosanatine can alleviate oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced endothelial cells injury via inhibiting the LOX-1 p38 MAPK pathway.

Ligupurpuroside A has antioxidant,and hypolipidemic effects, it can significantly inhibit lipid accumulation in HepG2 cell at the concentration of 50 μMol L.

Pinobanksin is a natural flavonoid that induces apoptosis in B-cell lymphoma cell lines and SH-SY5Y cells. It is a potent antioxidant that inhibits the peroxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and is able to occupy the catalytic center of xanthine oxidase (XO) and thus inhibit it. Pinobanksin also exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anti-mutagenic, anti-proliferative, and anti-angiogenic effects.

1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose (TeGG) has antioxidative activity, it also shows the most potent anticomplement activity (IC50 = 34 microM). 1,2,3,6-Tetragalloylglucose is also a potent inhibitor of UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 A1 (UGT1A1, Ki = 1.68 μM).

Erycibelline has antiobesity activity, it may be a useful therapeutic agent for body weight control by downregulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis.

Ligupurpuroside B has antioxidant activity.

Cleomiscosin C has antioxidant activity, it protects against the oxidative modification of apoB-100 induced by either Cu2+ or HOCl ( IC50s of 23.6 and 3.9 microM, respectively), suggests that it could be beneficial in preventing LDL oxidation in atheroscl

Cleomiscosin A is derived from Acer okamotoanum leaf and twig and shows inhibitory activity to TNF-α secretion of the mouse peritoneal macrophages. Cleomiscosin A can be used in studies about the prevention of LDL oxidation in atherosclerotic lesions.

Procyanidin A1 (Proanthocyanidin A1) has antiallergic effects, it inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca2+; influx from an internal store in RBL-2H3 cells.

3'-Demethylnobiletin has chemopreventive effects on colon carcinogenesis, it can significantly inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cells, cause cell-cycle arrest, induce apoptosis, and profoundly modulate signaling proteins related with cell prolifer

Stachybotramide preferentially stimulate the plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-mediated transfer of cholesteryl esters (CE) from high density lipoprotein (HDL) to both very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL).

Isosalvianolic acid C exhibits more potent activity than probucol except for salvianolic acid F .

Kudinoside D exerts anti-adipogenic effects through modulation of adipogenic transcription factors via AMPK signaling pathway.

Cholesteryl linoleate is the major cholesteryl ester in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions. It is present in LDL as a cholesteryl ester that is oxidized to form cholesteryl linoleate hydroperoxides using LDL receptor-associated proteins that are transferred to the plasma membranes of macrophages and CHO cells expressing 15-lipoxygenase.

(E Z)-Polydatin (Polydatin), is a natural precursor and glycoside form of resveratrol with a monocrystalline structure. While it is isolated from the bark of Picea sitchensis or Polygonum cuspidatum, Polydatin may be detected in grape, peanut, hop cones, red wines, hop pellets, cocoa-containing products, chocolate products and many daily diets. Polydatin possesses anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities. It is shown to mediate a cytotoxic action on colorectal cancer cells by inducing cell arrest and apoptosis.

Propane-1,2,3-triyl tripalmitate (Glycerol Tripalmitate) is a triacylglycerol found in dietary fats. In hamsters fed a diet enriched with it, Tripalmitin increases body weight, elevates plasma LDL levels, and reduces hepatic LDL receptor mRNA levels. It inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and decreases the viability of INS1 cells dose-dependently. Tripalmitin is used in cosmetic products for skin conditioning and as a thickening agent, and it forms lipid matrices of nanoparticles for drug delivery.