ABCA1 inducer 2 is a non-lipogenic inducer of ABCA1. It increases the expression of ABCA1 by targeting the LXR pathway, thereby reducing lipid accumulation induced by ox-LDL and inhibiting foam cell formation. ABCA1 inducer 2 holds potential as an anti-atherosclerotic agent.

ABCA1 inducer 2 (Compound 3) at concentrations of 0.01-10 μM over 24 hours exhibits strong ABCA1 promoter activation in Hela cells. It effectively induces ABCA1 mRNA expression in RAW 264.7 cells within the same concentration range over 18 hours, showing a dose-dependent response with a maximum increase to 3.94 times the control at 10 μM. Additionally, ABCA1 inducer 2 within a 0.01-10 μM concentration range over 12-48 hours in RAW 264.7 and Hela cells enhances ABCA1 protein expression via the LXR pathway. A concentration of 10 μM for 24 hours in RAW 264.7 cells significantly reduces ox-LDL-induced intracellular lipid accumulation, thereby inhibiting foam cell formation. In HepG2 cells, a concentration of 10 μM for 48 hours leads to limited lipid and triglyceride accumulation, minimizing side effects associated with hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic fat production. Importantly, there is no significant toxicity at a concentration of 10 μM over 24 hours in Hela, RAW 264.7, and HepG2 cells.