Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a natural phorbol ester that acts as an activator of PKC, SphK, and NF-κB, and is commonly used to induce differentiation of THP-1 cells and establish dermatitis models.

Brusatol (NSC-172924) is a natural product isolated from the Brucea javanica plant. It inhibits Nrf2.

Ponicidin (Rubescensine B) is a diterpenoid derived from Rabdosia rubescens that exhibits immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-cancer activity. Ponicidin induces apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells, decreases the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3, and shows no effect on the protein levels of JAK2 and STAT3.

Transcrocetinate disodium (Disodium trans-crocetinate), extracted from saffron (Crocus sativus L.), is a high-affinity antagonist of NMDA receptor.

Eriocalyxin B induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells through caspase- and p53-dependent pathways, should be considered a candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment; it is a specific inhibitor of STAT3, it directly target

Bruceine E is isolated from B. javanica seeds with hypoglycemia effects. Bruceine E can be used for studies about acting as an insulin secretagogue.

Lasiodin (Lasiokaurin) is a diterpene compound from the plant Camellia sinensis that inhibits the proliferation of NPC cells. Lasiodin has antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial activities, induces cell cycle length and apoptosis, induces cell migration and invasion, and can be used in the study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Punicalin exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-hepatotoxic activities, it shows inhibitory activity on HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 0.11 microg/ml (0.14 microM).

Bruceine A (NSC-31616)(NSC-310616; Dihydrobrusatol) is a natural quassinoid compound extracted from the dried fruits of Brucea javanica (L.); are potential candidates for the treatment of canine babesiosis.

Ailanthone (AIL) is a natural compound derived from the tree Ailanthus altissima and has anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) properties. It can induce G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest by downregulating the expression of cyclins and CDKs, while upregulating the expression of p21 and p27. Additionally, Ailanthone is a potent androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, capable of inhibiting both the full-length androgen receptor (IC50: 69 nM) and constitutively active splice variants (IC50: 309 nM).

Tripterifordin shows anti-HIV replication activity in H9 lymphocyte cells with an EC50 of 1 microgram/ml.

Pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) is a natural product from shark liver oil and a non-antigenic adjuvant.

1. Triptonide (PG 492) is effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and has potent antileukemic and antitumor activities. 2. Triptonide possesses anti-inflammatory activity, upregulate the expression of IL-37, and this expression was suppressed by ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK inhibitors.

1. Darutoside (Darutin) can as an appropriate treatment for wounds. 2. Darutoside can improve skin elasticity, surface appearance and stretch mark removal, through soothing the skin, decreasing inflammation, restoring collagen and promoting collagen production.

Glaucocalyxin B is a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia japonica with anticancer and antitumor activity. It decreases the growth of HL-60 cells (IC50: 5.86 μM).

Carnosic acid is a lipid absorption inhibitor, endowed with antioxidative, antimicrobial, photoprotective potential, and antiproliferative properties.

1. Bruceine D from Brucea javanica, may have the potential to be used as a natural viricide, or a lead compound for new viricides. 2. Bruceine D inhibits the growth of three pancreatic cancer cell lines, i.e., PANC-1, SW199 and CAPAN-1; induces cytotoxicity in Capan-2 cells via the induction of cellular apoptosis involving the mitochondrial pathway.

Andropanolide is a dipterocarbon from Andrographis paniculata with anti-HIV, antimalarial and anticancer activities and inhibits Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated overproduction of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Carnosol is an Nrf2 activator, increasing Nrf2 levels and promoting heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression. It is a ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK2) inhibitor and can be used in gastric cancer-related research with an IC50 value of approximately 5.5 μM.

Yadanzioside F is a quassinoid and terpenoid extracted from the seed of Crowberry (Brucea javanica), which is lethally toxic to mice and has the potential to inhibit the enzyme InhA (Mycobacterium enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase) and to act as an antituberculosis (TB) agent.

A natural, noncaloric sweetener with a potency 300 times more than that of regular sucrose. Exhibits transepithelial p-aminohippurate transport via organic anion transport system interference.

Rosmanol has antioxidant activity, it can activate the antioxidant response element. Rosmanol has biphasic modulation of GABAA receptors, demonstrates CNS activity in mouse models of antinociception, antidepressant and anxiolysis. Rosmanol potently induce

Jolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Jolkinolide B induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Jolkinolide B can be used for studies on preventing and treating osteolysis.

1. Dehydroabietic acid (Dehydroabietate) (DAA) is an EBV-EA activation inhibitor. 2. DAA is a useful food-derived compound for treating obesity-related diseases, by decreasing plasma glucose, insulin levels, plasma triglyceride (TG) , and hepatic TG levels. 3. DAA derivatives displays anti-secretory and anti-pepsin effect in animal models.