Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine. Zeatin was discovered in immature corn kernels from the genus Zea. It promotes growth of lateral buds and when sprayed on meristems stimulates cell division to produce bushier plants.

trans-Zeatin ((E)-Zeatin) is the member of the plant growth hormone family known as cytokinins, which regulate cell division, development, and nutrient processing.

1,7-Dimethyluric acid is a metabolite of caffeine that serves as a biomarker for caffeine intake and can be detected in urine.

Xanthine (Standard) is a standard reference substance for analytical research and assay. Xanthine is a plant alkaloid present in tea, coffee and cocoa. It is a mild central nervous system stimulant and an intermediate in the purine degradation pathway.

Adenosine (Standard) is a reference standard for adenosine, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Adenosine is a naturally occurring ribonucleoside composed of adenosine bound to ribose, exhibiting vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic, and analgesic effects.

Uridine-3'-monophosphate sodium is a nucleotide compound and a key component constituting ribonucleic acid (RNA). Uridine-3'-monophosphate sodium can be further metabolized and converted into uracil in rat jejunal tissue.

Folic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Folic acid, primarily used for research and analytical applications. Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is an orally active essential nutrient from the Vitamin B complex, playing a critical role in DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Folic acid exhibits neuroprotective and antidepressant-like effects, significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in newborns, and is utilized in studies of megaloblastic anemia caused by folate deficiency.

Cyclic GMP (cGMP) belongs to the class of endogenous metabolites and is a pivotal intracellular second messenger that mediates extracellular signals such as nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs). The effects of Cyclic GMP are primarily executed through three main target groups: cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs), cGMP-gated cation channels, and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP is capable of inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation and participates in enhancing antiviral immune responses.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine iodide is a universal methyl donor in vivo, participating in the methylation of DNA, RNA, and proteins, playing a core role in gene regulation and cellular homeostasis.

Hypoxanthine (Standard) is the standard reference of Hypoxanthine, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control and biochemical research. Hypoxanthine, also known as purine-6-ol or Hyp, is a naturally occurring purine derivative and an intermediate in the formation of nucleic acids via the adenosine metabolism and nucleotide salvage pathways. Under normal physiological conditions, hypoxanthine is readily converted into uric acid, which is further oxidized from hypoxanthine to xanthine and then to uric acid by xanthine oxidase.

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium is a nucleoside diphosphate involved in various intracellular signaling processes, particularly in G protein–coupled receptor signaling, where it regulates G protein activation through GDP/GTP exchange. It may also indirectly influence ion channel activity, such as ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

7-Methylguanine is an orally available PARP1 inhibitor (Ki=61 μM) that competes with the substrate NAD+, exhibiting anticancer activity. As a natural nucleic acid metabolite, it may serve as a probe for protein-DNA interactions.

2′-Deoxy-GDP trisodium is a guanosine monophosphate (GMP) analog that acts as an inhibitor of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), with an IC50 of 12.5 μM. HGPRT is a key enzyme in the purine metabolic pathway of all protozoan parasites.

Inosine (Standard) is a reference standard for inosine, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Inosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside produced by the catabolism of adenosine. It acts as an agonist for adenosine receptors and can be used in studies of inflammation, immunity, and neuroprotection.

Adenosine monophosphate (Standard) is a reference standard of adenosine monophosphate, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical studies. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is an important intracellular nucleotide metabolite that plays a central role in energy metabolism, particularly by regulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway involved in cellular energy sensing and homeostasis.

NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a key cellular reducing coenzyme that provides reducing power during anabolic processes such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, and participates in the glutathione and thioredoxin systems to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. In addition, NADPH serves as an electron donor for enzymes such as NADPH oxidase, playing a crucial role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immune defense processes.

Uric Acid (Standard) is a standard reference substance for analytical research and assay. Uric acid is an important antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals and reactive oxygen species (such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite), inhibits lipid peroxidation and maintains blood pressure stability. As the end product of purine metabolism, it is commonly used to induce hypertension animal models.