Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine. Zeatin was discovered in immature corn kernels from the genus Zea. It promotes growth of lateral buds and when sprayed on meristems stimulates cell division to produce bushier plants.

trans-Zeatin ((E)-Zeatin) is the member of the plant growth hormone family known as cytokinins, which regulate cell division, development, and nutrient processing.

1,7-Dimethyluric acid is a metabolite of caffeine that serves as a biomarker for caffeine intake and can be detected in urine.

Adenosine (Standard) is a reference standard for adenosine, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Adenosine is a naturally occurring ribonucleoside composed of adenosine bound to ribose, exhibiting vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic, and analgesic effects.

Folic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Folic acid, primarily used for research and analytical applications. Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is an orally active essential nutrient from the Vitamin B complex, playing a critical role in DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. Folic acid exhibits neuroprotective and antidepressant-like effects, significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in newborns, and is utilized in studies of megaloblastic anemia caused by folate deficiency.

Cyclic GMP (cGMP) belongs to the class of endogenous metabolites and is a pivotal intracellular second messenger that mediates extracellular signals such as nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs). The effects of Cyclic GMP are primarily executed through three main target groups: cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs), cGMP-gated cation channels, and phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Cyclic GMP is capable of inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation and participates in enhancing antiviral immune responses.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine iodide is a universal methyl donor in vivo, participating in the methylation of DNA, RNA, and proteins, playing a core role in gene regulation and cellular homeostasis.

7-Methylguanine is an orally available PARP1 inhibitor (Ki=61 μM) that competes with the substrate NAD+, exhibiting anticancer activity. As a natural nucleic acid metabolite, it may serve as a probe for protein-DNA interactions.

Inosine (Standard) is a reference standard for inosine, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Inosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside produced by the catabolism of adenosine. It acts as an agonist for adenosine receptors and can be used in studies of inflammation, immunity, and neuroprotection.

2′-Deoxy-GDP trisodium is a guanosine monophosphate (GMP) analog that acts as an inhibitor of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), with an IC50 of 12.5 μM. HGPRT is a key enzyme in the purine metabolic pathway of all protozoan parasites.

NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a key cellular reducing coenzyme that provides reducing power during anabolic processes such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, and participates in the glutathione and thioredoxin systems to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. In addition, NADPH serves as an electron donor for enzymes such as NADPH oxidase, playing a crucial role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immune defense processes.