Hypericin (Cyclosan) is a natural anthraquinone compound, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, which inhibits PKC, MAO, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, reverse transcriptase, telomerase, and CYP, etc. Hypericin exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, and antidepressant activities.

Hypocrellin A is a natural PKC inhibitor with light-induced antitumor, antifungal and antiviral activities and also exerts immunomodulatory effects on MHC-restricted antigen presentation.

Emodin (Frangula emodin) is a naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and barks of numerous plants; exerts antiproliferative effects in Y cells that are regulated by different signaling pathways.

3-hydroxymorindone is a natural product from Morinda citrifolia. 3-hydroxymorindone is a pigment.

Diacerein (Fisiodar) is a prodrug which is metabolized to rhein. It is currently approved in France for the treatment of osteoarthritis although the use of diacerein is restricted due to the side effects including sevre diarrhea [L780]. Diacerein is under investigation for the treatment of Insulin Resistance, Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2), and Diabetes-Related Complications.

ALOIN Inhibits Interleukin (IL)-1β-Stimulated IL-8 Production in KB Cells.

Aloin B (Isobarbaloin) is an isomer of aloin.1. The extract of A. vera and its active ingredient aloin cause melanin aggregation leading to skin lightening via alpha adrenergic receptor stimulation, the result opens new vistas for the use of A. vera regarding its clinical application as a new nontoxic melanolytic agent for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. 2. Dietary supplementation of aloe components (aloin, aloesin and aloe-gel) can ameliorate intestinal inflammatory responses in a 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis rat model, in particular, aloesin is the most potent inhibitor.

Sennoside D is an anthraquinone glycoside extracted from leaves and pods of Cassia angustifolia.

2-(Hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone exhibits strong activity against Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 at 0.01 mg disc.

Aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Aloe-emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) exhibits moderate bioactivity against human Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) in vitro.

Purpurin (Verantin) was a reversible and competitive inhibitor of MAO-A with a Ki value of 0.422μM. it exhibits anti-angiogenic, antifungal, antibiotic, and antioxidative activities.

D-Arabitol is a polyol that can lead to neurotoxicity when accumulated in the body.

Sennoside C is an anthraquinone glycoside extracted from leaves and pods of Senna and has an auxiliary effect on the laxative effect of mice.

1. Obtusifolin has antioxidant properties and improves chemically induced diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress. 2. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-mediated bone resorption, thus may be a novel anti-breast-cancer bone me

Pachybasin is an anthraquinone fungal metabolite. Pachybasin shows antimicrobial activities against E. coli, B. subtilis, M. luteus, S. cerevisiae, C. albicans, A. niger, and A. flavus, with MIC values of 64.0 μg mL, and against S. aureus and F. oxysporum with MIC values of 32.0 and 16.0 μg mL respectively.

Rubiadin (1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthracene-9,10-Dione) possesses potent antioxidant property, it can prevent lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO4 and t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) in a dose dependent manner.

Chrysoobtusin belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyanthraquinones.

Carminic acid, the well-known red dyestuff from cochineal insects (Dactylopius spp.), is a potent feeding deterrent to ants. Carminic acid is an antioxidant to protect erythrocytes and DNA against radical-induced oxidation, it also has antitumor activity.

Quinizarin (1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone) is a natural product

HYPOCRELLIN B are photosensitive pigments isolated from Hypocrella bambusae Sacc. Hypocrellin B causes DNA strand breakage, induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells, and inhibits proliferation of Staphylococcus by increasing ROS levels, and damaging cell

Xanthopurpurin shows antiviral activity. Xanthopurpurin can effectively inhibit rotavirus multiplication by promoting virus-induced apoptosis in MA-104 cells. Xanthopurpurin shows mainly strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation.

Aurantio-obtusin β-D-glucoside (Aurantio-obtusin beta-D-glucoside) is a natural product originated from the enzymatic cleavage of its glucoside glucoaurantio-obtusin.

Obtusin is a natural product.

Rubiadin-1-methyl ether (Rubiadin 1-methyl ether) is a natural product.It inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption via inhibition on the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the degradation of IκBα as well as decrease in the nuclear translocation of p65.