hepatocellular

Rosiglitazone (BRL49653) is a PPARγ agonist, TRPC5 activator, and TRPM3 inhibitor with oral activity. Rosiglitazone is also a hypoglycemic agent and a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer.

Triglycidyl isocyanurate (Teroxirone) is a triazene triepoxide with antineoplastic and antiangiogenic activity. It inhibits growth of human non-small cell lung cancer cells by activating p53. Triglycidyl isocyanurate alkylates and cross-links DNA, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. It induces cell apoptosis and can be used for cancer research[1][2]. Triglycidyl isocyanurate is also used in various polyester powder coatings in the metal finishing industry.

Rosiglitazone hydrochloride (BRL-49653 HCl) is a blood glucose-lowering drugs, stimulating insulin secretion by binding to the PPAR receptors in fat cells.

Silymarin is a natural polyphenolic flavonolignan mixture extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum. It can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and improve insulin resistance, thus being widely used in liver disease-related research and adjuvant applications. Studies have shown that silymarin exhibits inhibitory activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, and it has potential research value in the mechanism-related studies of COVID-19.

CHM-1 is an inducer of apoptosis, and displays potent antitumor ability in human hepatocellular carcinoma by activation of Cdc2 kinase activity. CHM-1 inhibits tubulin polymerization in vitro and in vivo.

Beta-mangostin (β-Mangostin) is a xanthone compound with antibacterial and antimalarial activities. Beta-mangostin present in Cratoxylum arborescens and exhibits antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with an MIC of 6.25 μg/mL. Beta-mangostin possesses in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 of 3.00 μg/mL. Beta-mangostin has potent anticancer activity against various cancers (such as hepatocellular carcinoma, leukaemic).

Retrorsine selectively inhibits hepatocyte proliferation and following liver injury evokes small hepatocyte-like progenitor cells. Retrorsine can be used for the research of hepatocellular injury.

Vacquinol-1 is an MKK4 activator, which rapidly and selectively induces glioma cell death.

Palbociclib (PD 0332991) is a CDK inhibitor that inhibits CDK4 and CDK6 (IC50=11/16 nM) and is orally active. Palbociclib has anti-tumorigenic activity and has investigational potential for use in ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer.

Eltrombopag (SB-497115-GR), an orally active thrombopoietin receptor agonist with megakaryopoiesis stimulating activity, binds to and stimulates the platelet thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R or CD110).

Palbociclib monohydrochloride (PD 0332991 hydrochloride) is a selective inhibitor of CDK4/6 (IC50s: 11/16 nM). It exhibits no inhibition against a panel of 36 additional protein kinases.

Eltrombopag Olamine (Eltrombopag diethanolamine salt) is an orally active small-molecule, nonpeptide thrombopoietin receptor agonist that stimulates megakaryopoiesis. It binds to and activates the transmembrane domain of the platelet thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R or CD110), promoting the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytic cells and enhancing platelet production.

Droxinostat (NS 41080) is a selective HDAC inhibitor, primarily targeting HDACs 6 and 8 with IC50 values of 2.47 μM and 1.46 μM, respectively. It is over 8-fold more selective against HDAC3 and shows no inhibition for HDAC1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, and 10.

Isoviolanthin reduces the migratory and invasive capacities of TGF-β1-treated HCC cells without cytotoxic effects on normal live cells and has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of advanced-stage metastatic HCC. Isoviolanthin is a flavonoid glycoside extracted from the leaves of Dendrobium Officinale.

Mollugin (Rubimaillin) may be a JAK2 inhibitor and inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking the activation of the JAK-STAT pathway. Mollugin as a candidate for a chemotherapeutic agent in OSCCs via the upregulation of the HO-1 and Nrf2 pathways and the downregulation of NF- κ B. Mollugin may be a novel therapeutic candidate for bone loss-associated disorders including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. Also, it has anticancer efficacy, can modulate the HER2 pathway in HER2-overexpressing Y cells with a potential role in the treatment and prevention of human breast and ovarian Y with HER2 overexpression.

Palbociclib Isethionate (PD 0332991 isethionate) is a selective inhibitor of CDK4/6 (IC50s: 11/16 nM). It exhibits no inhibition against a panel of 36 additional protein kinases.

MNK8 (3-methyl-6-(naphthalen-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione) is a potent STAT3 inhibitor that reduces the ability of STAT3 to bind to DNA and also has a good growth inhibition effect on liver cancer cells [1].

N-Feruloyloctopamine is a natural product.

GYY4137 (GYY 4137 morpholine salt) is a novel water-soluble and slow releasing H2S donor with vasodilator and antihypertensive activity. GYY4137 also exhibits anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity.

Epsilon-momfluorothrin (Momfluorothrin, (Z,1R,3R)-), a type I synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, exerts its insecticidal properties and triggers activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Notably, its administration in rats has been observed to induce the development of hepatocellular tumors.

Conteltinib (CT-707) is an enzyme inhibitor with antitumor activity targeting FAK, ALK, and Pyk2.Conteltinib exhibits significant inhibition of FAK, overcomes hypoxia-mediated sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma through inhibition of YAP signaling, and can be used in advanced ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and lymphoma.

Lagociclovir (MIV-210), a nucleoside analogue, is an antiviral compound available for the treatment of HBV82 that inhibits the replication of wild-type hepatitis B virus (HBV) in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines that permanently express HBV.

R1498 is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. It also acts by targeting angiogenesis and mitosis pathways. It is well-tolerated and orally active for hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer treatment.

SC-2001 is a MCL-1 inhibitor. SC-2001 inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation through enhancing SHP-1 expression and induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. SC-2001 overcomes STAT3-mediated sorafenib resistance through RFX-1/SHP-1 activation in hepatocellu