RAAS

Angiotensin II is a major biologically active vasoconstrictor peptide that regulates blood pressure by binding to AT1R and AT2R receptors. It stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, promotes aldosterone synthesis, and enhances renal function. Additionally, it induces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and increases collagen synthesis, leading to vascular and myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. It also promotes apoptosis and endothelial capillary formation. Angiotensin II is commonly used to induce hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy animal models.

JHU-083 is an orally available, blood-brain barrier-crossing, selective glutaminase antagonist that improves cognitive performance and normalizes abnormal hippocampal glutaminase activity in APOE4 mice.

Angiotensin II human acetate is a key vasoconstrictor peptide in the renin-angiotensin system. It regulates blood pressure by binding to AT1R and AT2R receptors, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, promotes aldosterone synthesis and renal function, induces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and collagen synthesis, leading to vascular and myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, while also promoting apoptosis and endothelial capillary formation. It is commonly used to induce hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy models.

MLN-4760 is an angiotensin-converting (ACE2) inhibitor(human ACE2;IC50=0.44 nM). It also has excellent selectivity (>5000-fold) versus related enzymes including human testicular ACE (IC50, >100 μM) and bovine carboxypeptidase A (CPDA; IC50, 27 μM).

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins. GSNO, an exogenous NO donor and substrate of rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebral angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses.

Sparsentan (DARA-a) is a first-in-class orally active and highly potent dual endothelin A and angiotensin II receptor antagonist(Ki of 9.3 and 0.8 nM, respectively)

L-162,313 is an ANG II receptor agonist, a nonpeptide that mimics the biological actions of angiotensin II and induces an increase in MAP.

Ceronapril (SQ 29852) is an orally active and potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50 : 36 nM) for the study of dementia and hypertension.

Terlakiren (CP-80,794) is an orally active, potent renin inhibitor used in the study of neurological disorders related to hypertension.

ZD-6888 Hydrochloride (ZD-6888 HCl) is an angiotensin II (AII) antagonist that mediates AII receptor blockade and induces a competitive inhibition of AII-mediated renin release.

E-4177 is an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist and can be used to study cardiovascular diseases.

L162389 is an orally active and potent angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a balanced affinity for AT1 and AT2 receptor subtypes that stimulates the conversion of phosphatidylinositol.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human, is the 1-22 fragment of the parent C-Type Natriuretic Peptide.

YS-49 is an activator of PI3K/Akt (a downstream target of RhoA).

Remodelin hydrobromide (Remodelin HBR) is a novel potent and selective inhibitor of the acetyl-transferase protein NAT10.

FPL-62129 is a calcium channel antagonist and a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor with vasodilator activity for the study of cardiovascular disease.

ME-3221 is an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist that prevents hypertensive complications in aged stroke-prone hypertensive rats.

Olodanrigan sodium (EMA-401 sodium) is an orally active and selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) antagonist, which can be used in research on neurological diseases.

Angiotensin (1-7) (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS-PRO) is a synthetic heptapeptide identical to endogenous angiotensin-(1-7) , inhibits purified canine ACE activity (IC50=0.65 μM) with vasodilator and antiproliferative activities.

Plantainoside D (Isoplantamajoside) shows potent antioxidative effects as those of ascorbic acid, it shows angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory inhibitory activity in vitro with the IC(50) value of 2.17 mM, it also shows inhibitory activity against PKCalpha with the IC50 value14.8microM.

BMS 183920 is a potent Angiotensin II Receptor antagonist that improves improves Caco-2 cell permeability in vivo.

Benazeprilat(CGS 14831) is an orally active active metabolite of Benazepril.Benazeprilat has potent antihypertensive activity and can be used in combination with other classes of compounds, including thiazide diuretics and calcium channel blockers, to reduce the incidence of diseases associated with cardiovascular risk and secondary end-organ damage.Benazeprilat may be be used to study acute left ventricular failure.

TRV-120027 acetate is a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1 receptor) and engages -arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling.

Telmisartan (BIBR 277) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker. The mechanism of action of telmisartan is as an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonist.