RAAS

Angiotensin II human (Ang II) is a biologically active peptide, a vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II interacts with AT1R and AT2R to regulate blood pressure, stimulate sympathetic nerves, and increase aldosterone biosynthesis and renal activity in humans.

Irbesartan (SR-47436) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker. The mechanism of action of irbesartan is as an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonist.

Tranilast (SB 252218), an antiallergic drug, suppresses lipid mediator and cytokine release from inflammatory cells, therefore utilized in the treatment of allergic disorders.

Sacubitril Valsartan (LCZ696) is an orally bioavailable, dual angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.

Captopril (SA333) is a potent and specific inhibitor of peptidyl-dipeptidase A. It blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure.

L-162,313 is an ANG II receptor agonist, a nonpeptide that mimics the biological actions of angiotensin II and induces an increase in MAP.

TRV-120027 acetate is a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1 receptor) and engages -arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling.

Angiotensin I/II (1-5) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE) that contains the amino acids 1-5 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II.

ANGIOTENSIN IV TFA is a less effective agonist at the angiotensin AT1 receptor.

Novokinin acetate exhibited an affinity for the AT2 receptor with Ki of 7 nM, and its antihypertensive and vasorelaxing activities were blocked by PD123319, an AT2 receptor antagonist.

[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II acetate activates both the NADPH and NADH oxidases, and stimulates superoxide anion formation in vascular smooth muscle cells. [Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II acetate has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contra

Pomisartan (BIBR-363) is a small molecule angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) antagonist that is used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, studying heart failure and hypertensio

Ceronapril (SQ 29852) is an orally active and potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50 : 36 nM) for the study of dementia and hypertension.

Acein acetate is a high-affinity angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) ligand (Kd = 2.79 nM). Concentrations up to 500 nM had no significant effect on ACE enzyme activity. Enhanced NMDA + D-serine-induced dopamine release from striatal slices in vitro and striatum in vivo.

Alamandine TFA , a member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a vasoactive peptide, is an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor MrgD. Alamandine TFA targets to protect the kidney and heart through anti-hypertensive actions[1][2].

Ripisartan (UP-269-6) is a potent and specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist that inhibits angiotensin II-mediated sympathetic tachycardia responses.

Terlakiren (CP-80,794) is an orally active and potent renin inhibitor that inhibits the potency of human renin for the study of neurological disorders of the hypertension class.

FPL-62129 is a calcium channel antagonist and a novel angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor with vasodilator activity for the study of cardiovascular disease.

Angiotensin II 5-valine TFA is an agonist of angiotensin receptor.

Enalapril is a dicarbocyl-containing peptide and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity.

Acetyl Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro is formed in bone marrow cells by enzymatic processing of thymosin β4. It inhibits the entry of pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells into S-phase of the cell cycle and protects against Ara-C lethality in mice.

Pomisartan 2HCl (BIBR363 2HCL) is a small molecule AT1R antagonist used to study heart failure and hypertension.

A 779 TFA is a potent antagonist of angiotensin-(1-7) receptor.

ME-3221 is an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist that prevents hypertensive complications in aged stroke-prone hypertensive rats.

Azilsartan Methyl Ester is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Azilsartan Methyl Ester inhibits specific binding of [125I]AII (0.2 nM) to bovine adrenal cortex with IC50 value is 0.44uM.

Leucylarginylproline is an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (IC50 : 0.27μM).

TRV055 acetate is a ligand of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and stimulates cellular Gq-mediated signaling.

Methyl candesartan (Candesartan Methyl Ester) is a potent angiotensin 2 receptor antagonist used in the study of hypertension.

(Sar¹)-Angiotensin II acetate, an analogue of Angiotensin II, is a specific agonist of angiotensin AT1 receptor. It binds to brain membrane-rich particles, with a Kd of 2.7 nM. It can stimulate protein synthesis and cell growth in embryonic chick myocytes.

Angiotensin I/II (1-6) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS) that contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide.

CGP-42112 acetate is a potent angiotensin receptor AT2 agonist that inhibits the increase in protein kinase A activity produced by LPS.

Angiotensin 1/2 (5-7) acetate is a peptide with the sequence H2N-Ile-His-Pro-OH. Angiotensin is an oligopeptide and is a hormone and a powerful dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. It

Valsartan Methyl Ester is a potent angiotensin II receptor antagonist, IC50= 0.06uM.

Moveltipril (Moveltipril calcium) is a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.Moveltipril is converted to captopril in the body for action.

Cilazapril Monohydrate (Justor) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Allisartan Isoproxil is a nonpeptide antagonist of angiotensin II receptor and can be used in studies about hypertension and heart diseases.

Sinapinic Acid (Synapoic acid) protects the rat liver from CCl4-induced inflammation, most likely by acting as a free radical scavenger and modulator of NF-κB p65 activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Sinapic acid with antioxidant role protects cardiac cells and its functions from I/R induced oxidative stress. Sinapic acid is a potentially useful agent for the protection against liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Sinapic acid prevents the alterations in the levels of lipids and lipoproteins by virtue of its anti-lipidaemic effect in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats. Sinapic acid ameliorates hyperglycemia through PLC-PKC signals to enhance the glucose utilization in diabetic rats.

PD 123319 ((S)-(+)-PD 123319) is a potent, selective AT2 angiotensin II receptor antagonist.

Losartan (DuP-753) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist.

1. Peimisine (Ebeiensine) can affect M-receptor, excit β-receptor, restrain the release of internal calcium, and promote to releaseing nitrogen monoxidum in order to relax tracheal smooth muscle and relieve asthma. 2. Peimisine can attenuate lung tissue injury( ALI), LDH and MDA amount in ALI mice in a dose dependent manner, it also lower the total protein, total white blood cells, lymphocyte and neutrophilic leukocyte in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid( BALF); suggests that peimisine can play a protective role against LPS-induced acute lung injury. 3. Peimisine has the protective effect on the experimental hepatic fibrosis formation, the possible mechanisms are associated with inhibiting fibrogenesis and fibrosis accumulation, and decreasing lipid peroxidation. 4. Peimisine can inhibit angiotensin I converting enzyme activity in a dose-dependent manner, displaying 5 % inhibitory concentration values of 526.5 microM, thus, it may have antihypertensive action.

Telmisartan (BIBR 277) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker. The mechanism of action of telmisartan is as an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Antagonist.

Valsartan (CGP 48933) is a tetrazole derivative and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker that is used to treat hypertension.

Vicenin 2 is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=43.83 μM) from the aerial parts of Desmodium styracifolium. Vicenin 2 is an inhibitor of α-glucosidase, PTP1B, and RLAR. Vicenin 2 has hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and DTL co-administration is more effective than either of the single agents in androgen-independent prostate cancer. Vicenin 2 might be a useful lead for the development of multiple target-oriented therapeutic modalities for the treatment of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications. Vicenin 2 could act as a UV light barrier to protect the plants.

A 779 is a potent antagonist of the G-protein-coupled receptor Mas, the Ang1-7 receptor, which is distinct from conventional AngII.

Angiotensin II human acetate (DRVYIHPF acetate) is a vasoconstrictor that mainly acts on the AT1 receptor.

Azilsartan (TAK-536) is an Angiotensin 2 Receptor Blocker. The mechanism of action of azilsartan is as an Angiotensin 2 Type 1 Receptor Antagonist. The physiologic effect of azilsartan is by means of Decreased Blood Pressure.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human is the 1-22 fragment of C-Type Natriuretic Peptide.

DX600 TFA is a specific inhibitor of ACE2 and does not cross-react with ACE.

Azilsartan Medoxomil (TAK-491) is an orally administered angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist with IC50 of 0.62 nM, which used in the treatment of adults with essential hypertension.

Perindoprilat (Perindoprilate) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.