mutations

Chlorambucil (CB-1348) is an orally-active antineoplastic aromatic nitrogen mustard. Chlorambucil alkylates and cross-links DNA during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in disruption of DNA function, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis.

K-Ras-IN-1, a K-Ras inhibitor, is characterized by its chemical formula C20H19ClN4O2S and is also known as N-[(1S)-3-cyclopropyl-1-[(6-fluoro-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]-2-oxo-1-(phenylmethyl)propyl]-4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound [18, dashboard 819041] in brackets).

Taletrectinib (AB-106) is a new-generation selective inhibitor of ROS1/NTRK including ROS1,NTRK1,NTRK2 and NTRK3 with IC50 of 0.207 nM,0.622 nM,2.28 nM and 0.980 nM, respectively.

Pirtobrutinib (LOXO-305) is an advanced BTK inhibitor that displays high selectivity and operates through a non-covalent mechanism. This compound effectively inhibits various BTK C481 substitution mutations, leading to tumor regression in BTK-dependent lymphoma tumors in mouse xenograft models. Furthermore, Pirtobrutinib exhibits remarkable selectivity for BTK, with more than a 300-fold difference compared to 370 other kinases tested. Notably, at a concentration of 1 μM, Pirtobrutinib demonstrates no significant inhibition of non-kinase off-targets.

Ibiglustat (GZ402671) is a potent and selective Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor and ceramide glucosyltransferase inhibitor. Ibiglustat blocks the formation of glucosylceramide (GL-1), a key intermediate in the synthesis of GL-3. Ibiglustat is potentially useful for treating Fabry disease. Fabry disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder, which results in abnormal tissue deposits of a particular fatty substance called globotriaosylceramide (GL-3 or Gb3) throughout the body.

Almonertinib (HS-10296) is an inhibitor specifically targeting EGFR activation mutations and the resistant EGFR T790M mutation, exhibiting limited activity against wild-type EGFR.

Almonertinib hydrochloride (HS-10296 hydrochloride) is a small molecule inhibitor of EGFR-activating mutations and T790M-resistant mutation with limited activity against wild-type EGFR.

Bafetinib (INNO-406) (INNO-406) is an effective and specific dual Bcr-Abl/Lyn inhibitor (IC50: 5.8/19 nM), and no inhibition of the phosphorylation of the T315I mutant and less effective to c-Kit and PDGFR.

M4205 is an inhibitor of c-Kit exhibiting high activity on c-Kit mutations in exons 11, 13, 17.

NVP-BVU972 is a selective and potent Met inhibitor with IC50 of 14 nM.

Relugolix (RVT-601) is an orally available, non-peptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH or luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)) antagonist, with potential antineoplastic activity. Relugolix competitively binds to and blocks the GnRH receptor in the anterior pituitary gland, which both prevents GnRH binding to the GnRH receptor and inhibits the secretion and release of both luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). In males, the inhibition of LH secretion prevents the release of testosterone from Leydig cells in the testes. Since testosterone is required to sustain prostate growth, reducing testosterone levels may inhibit hormone-dependent prostate cancer cell proliferation.

XMD8-87 (ACK1-B19) is a TNK2 inhibitor with activity in the inhibition of TNK2 phosphorylation. XMD8-87 and XMD16-5 potently inhibit phosphorylation of TNK2 truncation mutations found in solid tumor types.

Gefitinib (ZD1839) is an EGFR first-generation inhibitor with oral activity that inhibits the EGFR 19 Del and L858R mutations. Gefitinib has antitumor activity and is used for the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancers. Gefitinib administration RESULTS in the development of the EGFR C797S resistance mutation.

Erastin is an iron death activator that acts on the mitochondrial VDAC in a ROS- and iron-dependent manner. Erastin has anti-tumor activity and acts selectively on tumor cells with RAS-carcinogenic mutations.

RMC-7977 is a highly selective inhibitor of the active (GTP-bound) forms of KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS with anticancer activity for the study of solid tumors with KRAS G12C mutations.

ELX-02 disulfate is a synthetic eukaryotic ribosome-specific glycoside (ERSG) that induces translation read-through of nonsense mutations, producing normally localized, full-length functional proteins. It can be used to study genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations.

Vepdegestrant (ARV-471) is a selective and highly potent estrogen receptor (ER, ESR1) PROTAC degrader with strong degrading activity against the ER protein. By directly degrading the ER protein rather than merely antagonizing its activity, vepdegestrant effectively inhibits the ER signaling pathway and demonstrates significant antitumor activity in ER-positive (ER⁺) breast cancer, with a DC50 value of approximately 2 nM. It is particularly effective against tumors harboring ESR1 mutations.

Luxdegalutamide (ARV-766) is a PROTAC and a protein degrader targeting the androgen receptor, capable of effectively degrading wild-type and drug-resistant mutants including L702H, H875Y, and T878A. With oral bioactivity and cell permeability, this compound is used in castration-resistant prostate cancer research and exhibits significant antitumor activity.

RLY-2608 is a small molecule inhibitor, a selective allosteric PI3Kα inhibitor with high selectivity for PIK3CA mutations. This compound effectively inhibits tumor growth in PIK3CA-mutant xenograft models and is primarily used for research on PIK3CA-driven cancers.

SU11652 is an effective and competitive receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor, including VEGFR, FGFR, PDGFR, and Kit. SU11652 disrupts the function of all forms of mutant Kit and may be used in the study of cancers involving Kit mutations.

Merodantoin is an apoptosis inducer and triggers cell apoptosis associated with ROS-dependent autophagy. Merodantoin targets cancer cells expressing KRAS mutations involved in Akt-dependent ROS production.

Orphenadrine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that inhibits clonal HERG channels in a concentration-dependent manner, producing an IC of 0.85 μM in HEK cells.Orphenadrine is an antagonist of central and peripheral muscarinic receptors. Attenuation is blocked by mutations in pore residues Y652 or F656. Orphenadrine has antispasmodic, analgesic, and anticholinergic activity and protects against glutamatergic neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.Orphenadrine has inhibitory effects on sodium channels and can be used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

BI-4732 is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with high blood-brain barrier permeability, antitumor activity, inhibition of EGFR activation, and inhibition of T790M mutations.

Erlotinib (NSC-718781) is an EGFR inhibitor (IC50: 2 nM). It is used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.