lysine

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

Lauroyl lysine (N6-Lauroyl-L-lysine) functions as skin and hair conditioning agents and as surfactants-cleansing agents in personal care products.

D-Lysine is the D-isomer of L-Lysine, prepared by chemical racemization and microbial asymmetric degradation of L-Lysine.D-Lysine reduces renal uptake of radiolabeled peptides and decreases nephrotoxicity.

L-Lysine hydrochloride, an essential amino acid for humans, offers numerous benefits including the treatment of herpes, reduction of diabetes-related illnesses, enhanced calcium absorption, and improved gut health.

Nepsilon-Acetyl-L-lysine, a derivative of lysine, is a chemical compound characterized by the acetylation of the epsilon amino group of the lysine residue [Nepsilon-Ac-Lys].

Fructosyl-lysine is the precursor to glucosepane. Fructosyl-lysine is a lysine–arginine protein cross-link that can be an indicator in diabetes detection. Fructosyl-lysine is an amadori glycation product from the reaction of glucose and lysine by the Maillard reaction.

DL-Lysine (Lysine) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

Lysine acetate is a amino acid.

Epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)-lysine is an N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative that forms bonds between extracellular matrix (ECM) components with the assistance of the enzyme tissue transglutaminase (tTg). These bonds are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases such as non-diabetic kidney disorders and glaucoma filtration.

Acetyl-L-lysine (Nα-Acetyl-L-lysine) is a N-acetylated amino acid. It is a normal constituent of human urine with concentrations in normal samples too small to allow its routine detection; however, it has been found at increased levels in the urine of a patient with aminoacylase I deficiency.

L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride , is formed by posttranslational hydroxylation of some lysine residues. It is an amino acid, is exclusive to collagen protein.

Nε,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine chloride (Lys(Me)3-OH Chloride) is a methylated derivative of lysine, found in histone proteins and serves as a coenzyme in fatty acid oxidation. It is a precursor for carnitine, generated by S-adenosyl-L-methionine on lysine residues. Upon proteolysis, it is converted to 3-hydroxy-6-N-trimethyllysine by mitochondrial 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase, initiating carnitine biosynthesis.

L-4-Oxalysine hydrochloride, a natural product isolated from the culture media of *Streptomyces roseovirdofuscus* in China, has demonstrated antitumor activities.

DL-5-Hydroxylysine hydrochloride (5-hydroxylysine hydrochloride) is a racemic mixture of D- and L- enantiomers of 5-hydroxylysine which may be used as potential target markers for radical-induced protein oxidation.

DL-Norepinephrine hydrochloride (DL-lysine) is a high-affinity basic amino acid substrate of amino acid transporter b0 + with a Km value in the range of 100-400 μM.

L-Aspartic acid (Aspatofort) is a non-essential amino acid in humans, L-Aspartic acid has an overall negative charge and plays an important role in the synthesis of other amino acids and in the citric acid and urea cycles. Asparagine, arginine, lysine, methionine, isoleucine, and some nucleotides are synthesized from aspartic acid. L-Aspartic acid also serves as a neurotransmitter.

L-Pipecolic acid (L-Homoproline) is a breakdown product of lysine, accumulates in body fluids of infants with generalized genetic peroxisomal disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy.

Glutaric acid is a simple five-carbon linear dicarboxylic acid. Glutaric acid is naturally produced in the body during the metabolism of some amino acids, including lysine and tryptophan

Derivatives of Pimelic acid (1,5-Pentanedicarboxylic acid) can participate in the biosynthesis of lysine.

Pipecolic acid (2-Piperidinecarboxylic acid), a metabolite of lysine found in human physiological fluids such as urine, plasma and CSF, is an important regulator of immunity in plants and humans alike.

Diaminopimelic acid or DAPA is a lysine-like amino acid derivative that is a key component of the bacterial cell wall. DAPA is incorporated or integrated into peptidoglycan of gram negative bacteria and is the attachment point for Braun's lipoprotein (BLP or Murein Lipoprotein). BLP is found in gram-negative cell walls and is one of the most abundant membrane proteins. BLP is bound at its C-terminal end (a lysine) by a covalent bond to the peptidoglycan layer (specifically to diaminopimelic acid molecules) and is embedded in the outer membrane by its hydrophobic head (a cysteine with lipids attached). BLP tightly links the two layers and provides structural integrity to the bacterial outer membrane. Diaminopimelic acid can be found in human urine or feces due to the lysis or enzymatic breakdown of gram negative gut microbes.

(±)-Carnitine chloride (Monocamin) is a quaternary ammonium compound biosynthesized from the amino acids lysine and methionine.

Trypsin is a serine protease that can be isolated from fish to hydrolyze lysine or arginine carboxy-side proteins. With the anti-inflammatory activity, Trypsin could induce the cell membrane fusion of PDCoV-infected cells through the interaction between the S glycoprotein of PDCoV and pAPN, activate PAR2 and PAR4, and promote cell proliferation and differentiation. Trypsin can be used to promote wound healing and study neurogenic inflammation.

Oxoadipic acid (2-Oxoadipic acid) is a key metabolite of the essential amino acids tryptophan and lysine.Important metabolite between the TCA cycle and lysine biosynthesis. Of interest for research on mitochondrial metabolite transporters.