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1. Pseudoprotodioscin has moderate cytotoxicity.

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Human) (Human ox-LDL) is the oxidized form of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL), used to study lipid transport and atherosclerosis. Human ox-LDL stimulates endothelial cell activation and adhesion molecule production, inhibits eNOS activity and NO generation, and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes in macrophages.

Low-density lipoprotein (human) is one of the five main lipoproteins responsible for transporting cholesterol to various tissues such as the adrenal glands, gonads, muscle, and adipose tissue.

Oxidized low density lipoprotein (mouse) is a modified form of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It induces atherosclerosis (AS) by promoting endothelial dysfunction and accelerating the growth and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).

High density lipoprotein (HDL) (human) is a functional lipoprotein capable of binding to receptors such as scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1), ABCA1, and ABCG1. It facilitates the removal of excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues through reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), transferring it to the liver for metabolism. Additionally, it activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to produce nitric oxide (NO), offering antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vascular endothelial protection. High density lipoprotein (human) is a potential candidate for cardiovascular disease research, including atherosclerosis.

Rosuvastatin (ZD4522) is an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) (IC50=11 nM), selective and competitive. Rosuvastatin has hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects.

Rosuvastatin calcium (ZD4522) , a selective and competitive inhibitor of hepatic hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, has antilipidemic activity.

Avanafil (TA1790) is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) and is used as therapy of erectile dysfunction.

BLT-1 is a scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI)inhibitor.

Torcetrapib (CP-529414) is a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor designed to reduce the heterotypic transfer of cholesteryl ester from HDL to LDL and/or VLDL. It failed in phase III trials due to an excess of deaths.

Cerivastatin sodium (BAY W 6228 sodium) is an orally active and highly potent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with lipid-lowering activity that can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Cerivastatin sodium has anticancer effects and can be used to study primary hyperlipidemia.

Bococizumab(PF-04950615) is a humanized mAb against PCSK9 and an inhibitor of the synthesis of PCSK9 in the liver that reduces the amount of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood.Bococizumab is used to treat hypercholesterolemia.

Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) is a highly selective neuropeptide Y1 receptor antagonist that inhibits downstream G protein-coupled signaling pathways by competitively blocking the binding of NPY to the Y1 receptor. Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) promotes trabecular bone formation and has the potential to regulate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone formation. In animal models, Y1 receptor antagonist 1 FA (221697-09-2 Free base) reduces food intake, body weight, and fat accumulation, making it useful for obesity research.

Cerivastatin is an orally active and highly effective HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with anticancer and lipid-lowering effects. Cerivastatin can reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, inhibit the proliferation and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, and can be used to study primary hyperlipidemia.

Imanixil (HOE-402 free base) is an LDL receptor (LDLR) inducer, a hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic compound with antiatherogenic activity that inhibits the production of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs).Imanixil acts by stimulating the LDL receptor pathway.

Atorvastatin Sodium (Lipitor) is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase and increases the expression of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on hepatocytes. Atorvastatin Sodium treatment inhibits aquaporin 4 to reduce ischaemic brain oedema.

GGTI 2147 FA, a selective GGT inhibitor, abolishes bicuculline-induced increase in dendritic spine density in hippocampal experiments and may reduce learning and memory abilities in mice.

Levosemotiadil(SA 3212) is a novel calcium antagonist and a very potent inhibitor of low-density lipoprotein oxidation.Levosemotiadil may be used to prevent lethal cardiac arrhythmias.

Apomine (SR-9223i), an inhibitor of HMG-CoA-reductase, promotes apoptosis of myeloma cells in vitro and has been implicated in the regulation of myeloma in vivo. Apomine accelerates the degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and stimulates low-density lipoprotein receptor activity. Apomine enhances the antitumor effect of lovastatin on myeloma cells by downregulating 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase.

Crebinostat is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, targeting HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC6 with IC50s of 0.7 nM, 1.0 nM, 2.0 nM, and 9.3 nM, respectively. It increases the density of synapsin-1 punctae along dendrites in neurons in vitro, modulates chromatin-mediated neuroplasticity, and enhances memory in mice. Additionally, Crebinostat induces histone H3 and H4 acetylation and enhances the expression of Egr1, a cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) target gene.

BRD6897 is a mitochondrial content inducer that increases the cellular content of mitochondria and induces a significant increase in the electron density of existing mitochondria.

Bezafibrate (BM15075) is an antilipemic agent that lowers CHOLESTEROL and TRIGLYCERIDES. It decreases LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS and increases HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS.

Gemfibrozil (CI-719) interacts with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARalpha) resulting in PPARalpha-mediated stimulation of fatty acid oxidation and an increase in lipoprotein lipase (LPL) synthesis. Gemfibrozil is a fibric acid derivative with hypolipidemic effects. This enhances triglyceride-rich lipoprotein clearance and reduces the expression of apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III). The reduction in hepatic production of apoC-III result in the subsequent reduction of serum levels of very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). In addition, gemfibrozil-mediated PPARalpha stimulation of apoA-I and apoA-II expression results in an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).

Pitavastatin calcium (NK-104) is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (Ki: 1.7 nM). It lowers both total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in animals and humans. Metabolism of pitavastatin by the cytochrome P450 system is minimal, reducing the risk of drug-drug interactions.