Digitonin is a natural product of the glycoside family and is a detergent. Digitonin has antitumor activity, binds to cholesterol molecules to increase the permeability of cell membranes, and is active in the cleavage of cell membranes in a wide range of cells.

Caudatin is one of the species of C-21 steroidal glycosides mainly isolated from the root of Cynanchum bungei Decne and exhibits potent anticancer activities.

Protodioscin (Furostanol I) is a major steroidal saponin in dioscoreae rhizome, with anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-cancer properties.

Testosterone phenylpropionate (Testosterone 17-phenylpropionate)is a steroid indicated for testosterone replacement therapy in sterilization, missing testicle, hypopituitarism, and osteoporosis.

Cortodoxone (11-Desoxycortisol) is a glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cortisol in the adrenal gland.

Asiatic acid (Dammarolic acid) is the aglycone of asiaticoside used in wound healing with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.

Cholesteryl Acetate is a cholesterol ester obtained from the esterification of the hydroxyl group of cholesterol with acetic acid. It functions as a metabolite in the human body and is both a cholesterol ester and an acetate ester.

Cortisone (17-Hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone) is a corticosteroid with potent glucocorticoid activity.

Deoxycholic acid sodium salt (Sodium deoxycholate) can activate the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.

Dioscin (Collettiside III) is a saponin with antitumor activities.

Cholic Acid (Cholate) is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Cholic acid facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.

1. Pseudoprotodioscin has moderate cytotoxicity.

Sarsasapogenin (Parigenin) is a steroidal sapogenin, that is the aglycosidic portion of a plant saponin. It is named after sarsaparilla (Smilax sp.), a family of climbing plants found in subtropical regions. It was one of the first sapogenins to be identified, and the first spirostan steroid to be identified as such.

Estradiol (E2) is a naturally occurring steroidal sex hormone that is essential for female fertility and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ).

Crustecdysone (Hydroxyecdysone) is a steroid hormone that regulates the processes of molting or ecdysis in insects.

1. Bufotalin (Bufotaline)e is a kind of poisonous secretions of toads.

Glycoursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodeoxycholylglycine) is an acyl glycine and a bile acid-glycine conjugate. It is a secondary bile acid produced by the action of enzymes existing in the microbial flora of the colonic environment. In hepatocytes, both primary and secondary bile acids undergo amino acid conjugation at the C-24 carboxylic acid on the side chain, and almost all bile acids in the bile duct, therefore, exist in a glycine conjugated form. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in bile of mammals.

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2) is an orally bioavailable estradiol metabolite with potential antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol inhibits angiogenesis by reducing endothelial cell proliferation and inducing endothelial cell apoptosis. This agent also inhibits tumor cell growth by binding to tubulin, resulting in antimitotic activity, and by inducing caspase activation, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis.

Lithocholic acid (3α-Hydroxy-5β-cholanic acid) is a bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.

Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione) is a steroid hormone isolated from the adrenal cortex.

Androsterone, a metabolic product of testosterone, can activate Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR).

Stigmasterol (Stigmasterin) is found in the fats and oils of soybean, calabar bean and rape seed, as well as several other vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, and unpasteurized milk. Stigmasterol has been focused on the cholesterol-lowering activity and is valued as an anti-stiffness factor in the therapy of rheumatic diseases.

Ergostenol (Ergost-8(14)-en-3beta-ol) is a biological precursor and a provitamin of vitamin D2.

1. Telocinobufagin (Telobufotoxin) is the major endogenous digitalis-like factor. 2. Telocinobufagin significantly decreases the bacterial burdens in the spleen and prolongs the survival time of FIST-immunized mice challenged with live S. typhimurium. 3. Telocinobufagin has immunomodulatory activity, can enhance a Th1 immune response to control intracellular infections, could be developed as a novel immunotherapeutic agent to treat cancer and other immune-mediated diseases.

Epiandrosterone (EpiA) is a dehydroepiandrosterone metabolite and a precursor of testosterone and estradiol with hypolipidemic and anabolic property.

Terrestrosin D can induce apoptotic cell death and inhibit angiogenesis in xenograft tumor cells, cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells and endothelial cells might be plausible mechanisms of actions for the observed antitumor and an

Glycodeoxycholic Acid is an endogenous metabolite, a natural product found in Streptomyces niger, Trypanosoma brucei, and Cryptomonas, which induces hepatocyte necrosis and autophagy in patients with obstructive cholestasis.

Deoxycholic acid (Cholanoic Acid) is a bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.

Progesterone (Pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) is the major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production.

Cinobufagin (Cinobufagine) is a selective Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor. The activity of Cinobufagin is same as ouabain.

Cholesterol (cholesteryl alcohol) is a natural product that is the major sterol in mammals and an agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). Cholesterol is widely found in the cell membranes of animals and is also used in the synthesis of several important hormones and bile acids.

1. Oleandrin (Folinerin), the principal cardiac glycoside component of PBI-524, can quantitatively account for regulation of BDNF at both the protein and transcriptional levels. 2. Oleandrin are known to inhibit the Na, K-ATPase pump, resulting in a consequent increase in calcium influx in heart muscle. 3. Oleandrin has stronger anti-proliferative activity in undifferentiated CaCO-2 cells (IC50, 8.25 nM) , causes an autophagic cell death and altered ERK phosphorylation in undifferentiated.

Hecogenin (Hocogenin), a steroid saponin derived from Agave sisalana, serves as a specific inhibitor for human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Notably, it exhibits a broad range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and gastroprotective effects[1].

25-Hydroxycholesterol is a steroid derivative that suppresses the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs). It inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and so it also plays a significant role in the in vivo regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis

WITHAFERIN A is a novel class of NFkappaB inhibitors, which hold promise as novel anti-inflammatory agents for treatment of various inflammatory disorders and/or cancer.

1. Polyphyllin VI has hemostasis , expectorant , bacteriostasis, anticytotoxic, anti pregnancy kill sperm effects.

Hyodeoxycholic acid (NSC 60672) has been used in trials studying the treatment of Hypercholesterolemia.

Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.Taurocholic acid is cytoprotective, preventing tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cholangiocyte damage via a PI3K-mediated pathway.

Campesterol ((24R)-5-Ergosten-3β-ol) is a plant sterol with cholesterol lowering and anticarcinogenic effects, it and other plant sterols often decrease LDL cholesterol levels overall. Campesterol has anti-inflammatory effect, it inhibits several pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation mediators typically involved in osteoarthritis- induced cartilage degradation, also sometimes used to treat some specific prostate conditions.

Polyphyllin D induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway as evidenced by decreased Bcl-2 expression levels, disruption of MMP and increased Bax, cytochrome C, and cleaved-caspase-3 levels. Polyphyllin D has an anti-angiogenic effect. Polyphyllin D has toxicity in human RBCs as well as its underlying mechanism for the hemolysis and eryptosis/erythroptosis. Polyphyllin D has strong anticancer activity, can overcome drug resistance in R-HepG2 cells and elicit programmed cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction.

Cholesteryl sulfate sodium (Sodium Cholesteryl Sulfate) is a sterol sulfate in human plasma. Cholesteryl sulfate sodium is a component of cell membrane and has a regulatory function. Cholesteryl sulfate sodium also activates multiple protein kinase C (PKC) iso-enzymes, especially the ε, η and ζ isoforms.

Glycocholic acid (Glycocholate) is a bile acid with anticancer activity. Glycocholic acid targets against pump resistance-related and non-pump resistance-related pathways.

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a glucocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenocortex. Hydrocortisone agonizes the glucocorticoid receptor, which promotes proteolytic metabolism, gluconeogenesis, capillary wall stabilization, and renal calcium excretion, as well as suppressing immune and inflammatory responses.

Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) is a bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.

Bufalin is an active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic a

Precyasterone is a natural compound extracted from the dried roots of Cyathula capitata.

Ophiogenin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (Ophiogenin-3-O-alpha-L-rhaMnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside) is a natural product, and has good pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system.

3,5,6-trihydroxysitostane is a steroid natural product derived from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa.

Etiocholanolone (Etiocholanone) (5β-Androsterone) is the excreted metabolite of testosterone and has anticonvulsant activity. Etiocholanolone is a less potent neurosteroid positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAA receptor than its enantiomer form.

Qingyangshengenin (Cynanchagenin) is a steroid used in the preparation of antiepileptic agents.