gram-negative/gram-positive bacteria

Globomycin, a lipopeptide antibiotic, is an inhibitor of signal peptidase II (LspA). It binds irreversibly to the peptidase, thereby inhibiting the processing of the prolipoprotein.

CysHHC10 acetate shows antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with MIC of 10.1, 20.2, 2.5, and 1.3 mM for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis, respectively.

Magainin 1 acetate is an antimicrobial peptide. Magainin 1 acetate exhibits antibiotic activity against numerous Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

CAP18 (rabbit) is a 37-amino-acid antimicrobial peptide derived from rabbit granulocytes, exhibiting extensive antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive [IC50, 130-200 nM] and Gram-negative bacteria [IC50, 20-100 nM]. CAP18 (rabbit) holds promise for the study and advancement of bacterial sepsis research.

Omiganan is a cationic antimicrobial peptide with activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as Candida spp. isolates. This compound, serving as an analogue of indolicidin, is utilized for research purposes related to alcohol nose and acne.

Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) characterized by its small size and rich cysteine content. Produced by various epithelial cells, it exhibits potent antimicrobial properties against gram-negative bacteria and Candida but is not effective against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Given these characteristics, Human β-defensin-2 serves as a valuable tool in colitis research.

IDR-1 is an antimicrobial peptide active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This compound modulates innate immunity to counter infections while avoiding evident toxicities. Additionally, IDR-1 exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-infective properties, increases the levels of monocyte chemokines, and reduces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

PBP10, a cell-permeable and selective gelsolin-derived peptide, inhibits formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) over FPR1 [1]. This 10-amino acid (AA) peptide features a rhodamine conjugation at its N terminus, exhibiting bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria while mitigating microbial-induced inflammatory effects [2].

Buforin II, a powerful antimicrobial peptide originating from Buforin I (a protein extracted from the Asian toad Bufo bufo gargarizans's stomach), exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [1].

MDP1, derived from Melittin, disrupts the membrane integrity of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, leading to bacterial death through membrane damage. This compound exhibits potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and reference strains of S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa [1].

MDP1 acetate, a derivative of Melittin, compromises the membrane integrity of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria leading to bacterial death through membrane damage. It exhibits potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and reference strains of S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa [1].

Compound 8C (c[Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Dip-Dip-Dip]) demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against drug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Specifically, it exhibits minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3.1 μg/mL for MRSA (ATCC BAA-1556), 3.1 μg/mL for S. aureus (ATCC 29213), 12.5 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27883), and 12.5 μg/mL for E. coli (ATCC 25922) [1].

Compound 9C [c[Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Nal-Nal-Nal]] demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against drug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It exhibits minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 3.1 μg/mL for MRSA (ATCC BAA-1556), 3.1 μg/mL for S. aureus (ATCC 29213), 12.5 μg/mL for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27883), and 25 μg/mL for E. coli (ATCC 25922) [1].

Cecropin D, an antimicrobial peptide, exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4.55 μg/mL and demonstrates efficacy against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Additionally, it possesses antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties [1] [2].

Cecropin A (1-7)-Melittin A (2-9) is an antimicrobial peptide with broad-spectrum activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, as well as antimalarial properties, without the adverse hemolytic effects commonly associated with bee venom peptides [1].

GVLSNVIGYLKKLGTGALNAVLKQ (PGQ) is a 24-amino acid antimicrobial peptide capable of forming an α-helix structure. It exhibits activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as the yeast Candida albicans [1].

Polyphemusin I, an amphiphilic antiparallel β-hairpin peptide stabilized by two disulfide bridges, comprises 18 amino acids and exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria [1].

LMW peptide, an antimicrobial peptide, exhibits activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including B. subtilis, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and V. cholera [1].

PP13 is an antimicrobial peptide with efficacy against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, displaying minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 16.7 µM for E. coli, 13.3 µM for B. subtilis, 23.3 µM for S. aureus, 8.0 µM for S. lutea, and 9.0 µM for B. pumilus [1].

PP113 is an antimicrobial peptide with activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, exhibiting minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 73.3 µM for E. coli, 23.3 µM for B. subtilis, 13 µM for S. aureus, 16.7 µM for S. lutea, and 23.3 µM for B. pumilus [1].

Aurein 5.2 is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide [1]. It is composed of a sequence of 17 amino acids, specifically GLFDIIKKIAESF-NH₂, and exhibits a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. This peptide has shown potential for therapeutic applications due to its efficacy and relatively low cytotoxicity.

K4 peptide exhibits potent antimicrobial properties, effectively targeting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, particularly pathogenic strains like Staphylococcus aureus and Marine Vibrio species [1].

P1 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including B. anthracis spores and Carbapenem-resistant strains of A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae [1].

Tilapia piscidin 3, an antimicrobial peptide, exhibits antibacterial properties effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It has demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2.44 µg/mL for V. vulnificus 204 and V. alginolyticus, 9.78 µg/mL for S. agalactiae 819, 19.55 µg/mL for E. faecalis BCRC 10066, and 0.61 µg/mL for S. agalactiae BCRC 10787. Additionally, it presents hemolytic activity on fish red blood cells [1].