tyrosinase

Tyrosinase-related Protein 2 (TRP-2) (181-188) is a peptide derived from TRP-2, specifically corresponding to residues 180-188, and it is the primary epitope within TRP-2 recognized by anti-B16 CTLs. Additionally, it conforms to the binding motif of the MHC class I H2-Kb.

Tyrosinase (369-377,YMDGTMSQV) is derived from the membrane protein tyrosinase by posttranslational conversion of the sequence YMNGTMSQV. Presentation of YMDGTMSQV in cells expressing full-length tyrosinase is TAP-(transporter associated with antigen proc

EHT 1610 (EHT 5372) is a potent inhibitor of DYRK, with an IC50 of 0.36 nM and 0.59 nM for DYRK1A and DYRK1B, respectively. EHT 1610 has an inhibitory effect on leukemia, regulating cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis.

Potassium iodide is used as the treatment of overactive thyroid and as protection of the thyroid gland from the influences of radiation from swallowed or inhaled radioactive iodine. It may be used after accidental exposure to radioactive iodine or before and after administration of medicine containing radioactive iodine.

Arbutin (p-Arbutin)(β-Arbutin) is a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant in the genus Arctostaphylos and can inhibit tyrosinase and thus prevent the formation of melanin.

Monobenzone (Benoquin) is a Depigmenting Agent. The mechanism of action of monobenzone is as a Melanin Synthesis Inhibitor. The physiologic effect of monobenzone is by means of Depigmenting Activity.

Taxifolin (Dihydroquercetin) is a flavonoid in many plants such as Taxus chinensis, Siberian larch, Cedrus deodara and so on.

Aloin (Aloin-A)(mixture of A&B), a natural anthracycline from Aloe vera, is a tyrosinase inhibitor.

2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (4-Methoxysalicylaldehyde) is a chemical compound and an isomer of Vanillin. 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde(4-Methoxysalicylaldehyde) could be used to synthesis Urolithin M7. 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor from three East African medicinal plants, Mondia whitei, Rhus vulgaris Meikle, and Sclerocarya caffra Sond.

1. 2-Methoxycinnamic acid (o-Methoxycinnamic acid) can enhance inhibition of tyrosinase activity.

Glabridin (KB-289522) may serve as an anti-inflammatory agent in diabetes-related vascular dysfunction, through regulating the synthesis and activity of iNOS under high-glucose levels; may possess a therapeutic effect on metabolic disorders( such as diabetes and hyperglycemia), by modulating glucose metabolism through AMPK in skeletal muscle cells. Glabridin may have potential as a chemopreventive agent against liver Y metastasis, by inhibiting the invasion of human HCC cells.

3',4'-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Qingxintong) is an active constituent of Chinese medicine. It is platelet aggregation Inhibitor and also has anti-arrhythmia activity.

3,4-Dimethoxyphenol (4-Hydroxyveratrole) is an active biochemical.

p-Tolualdehyde is a RIFM flavor that shows inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase.

2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium (AKG) is a key molecule in the TCA cycle. It can be produced from glutamate by oxidative deamination via glutamate dehydrogenase and as a product of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transamination reactions (mediated by branched-chain amino acid transaminases) in which glutamate is a common amino donor.

Methyl cinnamate, a tyrosinase inhibitor and a flavoring compound, has antimicrobial, antiadipogenic, vasorelaxant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Kojic acid is a fungal metabolite that inhibits tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanin synthesis, with an IC50 value of 30.6 μM for mushroom tyrosinase.

Glycolic acid, an inhibitor of tyrosinase, suppresses melanin formation and is used in skincare products.

DeoxyArbutin(IC50=50 nM) inhibits tyrosinase activity reversibly.

3,5-Dimethoxyphenol (Phloroglucinol dimethyl ether) as a marker of Taxus poisoning, being present in all species of Taxus. It has potent tyrosinase-inhibiting activity.

3-O-Ethyl-L-ascorbic acid is a cosmetic tyrosinase inhibitor with whitening ability and is a stabilized vitamin C derivative. It also has antioxidant properties.

Benzylacetone (4-Phenyl-2-butanone) is an aromatic compound extracted from incense wood. Benzylacetone has appetite-enhancing and exercise-reducing properties. Benzylacetone has a strong and reversible anti-mushroom tyrosinase effect, with IC50 values of 2.8 mM and 0.6 mM for monophenolase and biphenolase effects, respectively.

1. 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Quinacetophenone) possess anti-anxiety, and neuroprotective qualities. 2. 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Quinacetophenone) reatment can induce a sustained activation of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPKs, it also can potentiate the pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of bortezomib in U266 cells. 3. 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Quinacetophenone) has anti-inflammatory activity in activated macrophages, raising the possibility that this compound has a therapeutic potential for inflammatory conditions. 4. 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone (Quinacetophenone) is an uncompetitive inhibitor of murine tyrosinase (K(I) 0.28mm), it strongly inhibits both melanogenesis and cellular tyrosinase activity in vitro in 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthin-stimulated B16 mouse melanoma cells or in vivo in zebrafish and mouse models.

D-Tyrosine, the D-isomer of tyrosine, acts as a negative regulator of melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, D-Tyrosine also inhibits biofilm formation and induces the self-dispersal of biofilms, while not affecting bacterial growth.