complement system

Cyclosporin A is a natural product and an active fungal metabolite, classified as a cyclic polypeptide immunosuppressant. It binds to cyclophilin and inhibits the activity of calcineurin (IC₅₀ = 7 nM) as well as CD11a/CD18 adhesion molecules. It is commonly used to induce uremia models.

Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist and IL receptor modulator with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and apoptosis-inducing activities. It inhibits the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages, significantly reduces inflammatory cytokine expression in neutrophils and monocytes, suppresses LPS-induced macrophage inflammation, and induces autophagy. It is commonly used to induce animal models of depression, muscle atrophy, and hypertension, and holds potential in COVID-19 research.

Iptacopan hydrochloride (LNP023 hydrochloride) is a small-molecule inhibitor and a complement factor B inhibitor (IC50 = 10 nM, KD = 7.9 nM) with high selectivity, oral activity, and cell permeability, used for the treatment of complement-mediated diseases including paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, IgA nephropathy, and C3 glomerulopathy.

Iptacopan (LNP023) is an inhibitor with high affinity to factor B, with a KD value of 7.9 nM and an IC50 value of 10 nM.

Complement C5-IN-1 is a small-molecule inhibitor of complement component 5 protein (C5).

EG01377 2HCl is a potent, bioavailable and selective inhibitor of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) with a Kd value of 1.32 μM and an IC50 value of 609 nM for both EG01377 2HCl against NRP1-a1 and NRP1-b1.EG01377 exhibits anti-angiogenic, antimigratory and antitumor activities.

BCX 1470 hydrochloride is a potent serine protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity that inhibits the ester hydrolysis and haemolytic activity of factor D and C1s, and can be used to study oedema.

(Rel)-Factor B-IN-5 is a complement factor B inhibitor that can be used to study diseases associated with activation of the alternative complement pathway.

BCX 1470 inhibits the esterolytic activity of factor D and C1s (IC50: 96 nM and 1.6 nM), demonstrating 3.4- and 200-fold greater efficacy compared to trypsin, respectively.

3-Phenoxybenzaldehyde is a complement (classical pathway) inhibitor with IC50 of 1388μM.

Dexamethasone acetate (NSC 39471) is the acetate salt form of Dexamethasone, a synthetic adrenal corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory properties. In addition to binding to specific nuclear steroid receptors, dexamethasone also interferes with NF-kB activation and apoptotic pathways. This agent lacks the salt-retaining properties of other related adrenal hormones.

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose and an inhibitor of complement and coagulation pathways. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) can be used as an anticoagulant, antiviral agent and antilipidemic agent. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) can prevent the HIV-1 virus from adsorbing onto host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) can inhibit NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) can inhibit the immediate blood-mediated inflammatory response (IBMIR).

Factor B-IN-5 is a complement factor B inhibitor, which can be used to study immune-related diseases.

Complement C1s-IN-1 is a potent and selective inhibitor of complement C1s with the advantage of being orally available and brain penetrable, significantly inhibiting human serum-induced formation of membrane attack complexes in a dose-dependent manner and effectively blocking the classical complement pathway

TLQP 21 acetate is a potent agonist of G-protein-coupled receptor complement-3a receptor 1 (C3aR1). The EC50 values are 10.3 μM for mouse and 68.8 μM for human. TLQP 21 acetate is a VGF-derived peptide with endocrine and extraendocrine properties.

FD-IN-1 (Compound 12) is an orally active Factor D (FD) inhibitor (IC50=12 nM) that also inhibits Factor XIa (FXIa) and Tryptase β2 with IC50 values of 7.7 and 6.5 μM, respectively.

PMX 205 acetate is an antagonist of complement C5a receptor (C5aR; CD88).

SB290157 trifluoroacetate is a potent and selective antagonist of the C3a receptor, with an IC50 of 200 nM.

(Z)-Leukadherin-1 (ADH-503 free base) is an allosteric agonist of CD11b.

W-54011 is a potent non-peptide C5a receptor antagonist. W-54011 inhibits the binding of 125I-labeled C5a to human neutrophils (Ki: 2.2 nM). W-54011 inhibits C5a-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, chemotaxis, and generation of ROS in human neutrophi

C1qProtein (Mouse) is a subunit of the complement system. It recognizes a variety of ligands and plays roles in maintaining immune system balance, promoting tissue repair, and defending against pathogens.

C1qProtein (human) serves as a subunit in the complement system. It binds to a variety of ligands from self, non-self, and altered-self, contributing to the balance of the immune system, promoting tissue repair, and defending against pathogens.

4-Octylphenol is an endocrine disruptor with gender-specific effects on male germ cells, significantly reducing the mitotic index and the number of spermatogonia. It also causes inflammatory damage in the gills of carp by activating the complement system through the C3a/C3a receptor (C3a/C3aR) axis and C5a/C5a receptor 1 (C5a/C5aR1) axis. Furthermore, 4-Octylphenol induces immune suppression by disrupting the balance between helper T (Th) cells 1/Th2 and regulatory T (Treg)/Th17 cells, and triggers inflammatory damage through the Toll-like receptor 7 (Toll-like Receptor (TLR))/inhibitor κBα/nuclear factor κB (TLR7/IκBα/NF-κB) pathway.

NDT 9513727 is a potent, selective, and competitive C5aR1 inverse agonist used in the study of inflammatory and immune disorders.