reverse transcriptase

Suramin Sodium Salt (BAY-205) is a sodium salt form of suramin, a polysulphonated naphthylurea with potential antineoplastic activity. Suramin blocks the binding of various growth factors, including insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and tumor growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), to their receptors, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration. This agent also inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced angiogenesis; retroviral reverse transcriptase; uncoupling of G-proteins from receptors; topoisomerases; cellular folate transport; and steroidogenesis.

Salicylanilide (2-Hydroxybenzanilide)s are a group of compounds with antiviral potency, antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Zalcitabine (Dideoxycytidine)(Dideoxycytidine;ddC; 2', 3'-Dideoxycytidine) is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI); At low concentrations, It can potently inhibit HIV replication by binding to reverse transcriptase terminated synthesis of viral DNA chain.

Abacavir sulfate (Ziagen) , a nucleoside analogue, effectively utilize its antiviral activity

Daidzin (Daidzoside) is an isoflavone isolated from soya bean with anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.

Emtricitabine triphosphate tetrasodium salt is the tetrasodium form of the phosphorylated anabolite (-)-Emtricitabine triphosphate, an active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor effective against HIV and HBV [1].

EFdA-TP tetrasodium, a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, effectively halts RT-catalyzed DNA synthesis by acting as an immediate or delayed chain terminator (ICT or DCT). It employs multiple mechanisms to inhibit HIV-1 RT [1].

ddUTP (2′,3′-Dideoxyuridine-5′-triphosphate) is a selective inhibitor of HIV and AMV reverse transcriptases, with Ki values of 0.05 µM for HIV and 1 µM for AMV. It is preferentially incorporated at dTTP sites within the DNA strand, thereby preventing further chain elongation [1].

MK-6186 is a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with antiviral activity for the study of viral infections.

HIV-1 inhibitor-6 (3-Pyridinecarboxamide, 1,4-dihydro-1-methyl-N-(5-nitro-1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-4-oxo-) is a potent HIV-1 pre-mRNA selective splicing inhibitor that blocks HIV replication.

Hypericin (Cyclosan) is a natural anthraquinone compound, an extract of Hypericum perforatum, which inhibits PKC, MAO, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, reverse transcriptase, telomerase, and CYP, etc. Hypericin exhibits antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, and antidepressant activities.

Reverse transcriptase-IN-1 is a diarylbenzopyrimidine (DABP) analogue and a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase with an IC50of 13.7 nM.

Reverse transcriptase-IN-4 is a potent, selective non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRT) inhibitor, demonstrating an EC50 of 0.053 μM against wild-type HIV-1 and 0.26 μM for the E138K HIV-1 mutant.

Reverse transcriptase-IN-3, a pyrimidine-5-carboxamide derivative, functions as an inhibitor of HIV-1, demonstrating potent activity against both wild-type and mutant strains of HIV-1.

NNRT-IN-5 (compound 10d) is an orally available non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (Reverse Transcriptase) inhibitor.

Agrocybin is an antifungal peptide that exhibits activity against various fungi but lacks inhibitory effects on bacteria. It also attenuates the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 reverse transcriptase).

Adefovir diphosphate 2TEA is the salt form of Adefovir diphosphate.Adefovir diphosphate is a metabolite of Adefovir (GS-0393,PMEA) and cyclic nucleoside phosphonate (ANP) analog , an orally available reverse transcriptase inhibitor with antiviral activity against herpes, hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Asterriquinone (ARQ) is an analog of Asterriquinone and a Grb-2 binding inhibitor. It hinders the interaction between Grb-2 and tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR, with an IC50 of 8.37 μM. Additionally, Asterriquinone serves as an HIV1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, with a Ki of 2.3 μM, and it also inhibits the binding activities of Grb-7 and PLC-γ.

NNRT-IN-6 (Compound 13a) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRT) used to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1RT), with an IC50 of 0.41 μM. It effectively suppresses both wild-type HIV-1 and mutants L100I, K103N, Y181C, Y188L, E138K, F227L V106A, and RES056, with an EC50 range of 6.2-250 nM.

IQP-0528 is a potent non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that has potential for the treatment of HIV infection by blocking viral entry and shows antiviral activity as a microbicidal gel. . IQP-0528 showed inhibition of both HIV-1 and HIV-2, with an EC50 of 0.2 nM for HIV-1 and 100 nM for HIV-2.

Metacavir (PNA) is a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, a deoxyguanosine analog, with anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity and mitochondrial toxicity, which can be used to study HBV infection.

MK-6186 HCl, a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with antiviral activity, can be used to study HIV.

Pyridoxal phosphate (Vitamin B6 phosphate) is the active form of vitamin B6 and a coenzyme for many pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. PLP is involved in numerous enzymatic transamination, decarboxylation and deamination reactions; it is necessary for the synthesis of amino acids and amino acid metabolites, and for the synthesis and or catabolism of certain neurotransmitters, including the conversion of glutamate into gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and levodopa into dopamine. PLP can be used as a dietary supplement in cases of vitamin B6 deficiency. Reduced levels of PLP in the brain can cause neurological dysfunction.

Foscarnet sodium (Phosphonoformate) is an antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.