lysosomal

ML-SA1 (Mucolipin synthetic agonist 1) is a selective TRPML agonist, inhibits Dengue virus 2 (DENV2) and Zika virus (ZIKV) by promoting lysosomal acidification and protease activity. The IC50 value of ML-SA1 against DENV2 RNA and ZIKV RNA is 8.3 μM and 52.99 μM, respectively[1].

Naphthazarin (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is effective by various cellular mechanisms including oxidative stress, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), depolymerization of microtubules, interference with lysosomal function and p53-dependent p21 activation. It triggers apoptosis and has anti-tumor effects

Lysosomal P-gp targeted agent 1 (Compound 14) is an antitumor drug that targets lysosomal P-glycoprotein (Pgp). It is selectively transported to lysosomes via overexpressed Pgp, releasing nitric oxide that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and inducing apoptosis. This compound can overcome resistance mediated by P-glycoprotein, leading to cell cycle arrest while maintaining relatively low toxicity to normal cells. It exhibits antitumor activity by significantly inhibiting tumor growth.

Lysosomal α-Glucosidase (EC:3.2.1.20) is a gamma-amylase specifically acting on glycogen as well as various natural and synthetic oligosaccharides.

Lysosomal α-mannosidase (EC:3.2.1.24; MAN2B1; LAMAN) is an exoglycosidase that hydrolyzes the α-mannosidic linkages in mannose-containing glycans. It is utilized in research related to α-mannosidosis.

PFB-FDGlu is a lysosomal Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) substrate with cell-permeable specificity that is cleaved to produce fluorescein.PFB-FDGlu is often used in conjunction with a flow cytometer to measure GCase activity in living cells on an individual cell basis.

Tri-GalNAc-COOH is a ligand for the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and is commonly used in lysosomal targeting chimera (LYTAC) investigations.

Sinbaglustat (OGT2378) (OGT2378) is a dual inhibitor of glucose ceramide synthetase (GCS) and non-lysosomal glucose ceramidase (GBA2).Sinbaglustat is an orally administered N-alkyl iminosugar that crosses the blood-brain barrier.Sinbaglustat is used for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders and for the study of central neurodegenerative disorders associated with lysosomal dysfunction. Sinbaglustat is used for the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders and for the study of lysosomal dysfunction-related central neurodegenerative diseases.

Ezurpimtrostat hydrochloride (GNS561 hydrochloride) is an orally available palmitoyl protein thioesterase-1 inhibitor with antifibrotic, antiviral, and anticancer effects that blocks cancer cell proliferation by interacting with palmitoyl protein thioesterase to inhibit late autophagy and dose-dependently increase lysosomal accumulation.

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride (Leu-Leu-ome hydrochloride) is a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester produced by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential and also induces lysosomal stress.

1-Dodecylimidazole (N-Dodecylimidazole) is a chemical compound that acts as a cytotoxic agent and lysosomotropic detergent, inducing cell death through acid-dependent lysosomal accumulation, disrupting the lysosomal membrane, and releasing cysteine proteases into the cytoplasm. It also exhibits hypocholesterolemic and broad-spectrum antifungal activities.

Ammonium chloride is a compound commonly used in molecular biology research. As a dipolar compound that regulates pH, it can induce intracellular alkalinization and metabolic acidosis, thereby affecting enzyme activity and biological processes. Additionally, ammonium chloride acts as an inhibitor of autophagy and lysosomal function, and can be used to establish kidney stone models.

Gcase activator 2 is a β-glucocerebrosidase activator that induces dimerization of GCase at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomal pHs, increases lysosomal substrate metabolism, and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of Parkinson's and Gosheimer's diseases.

Vacuolin-1 is a cell-permeable inhibitor of Ca2+ dependent fusion of lysosomes to the cell membrane. It acts by inhibiting release of lysosomal content.vacuolin‐1 is a potent and selective PIKfyve inhibitor and inhibits late‐stage autophagy by impairing lysosomal maturation

DC661 is a palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) inhibitor that acts as an anti-lysosomal agent by inhibiting autophagy, demonstrating anti-cancer activity.

Aloxistatin (E64d) is an inhibitor of cysteine protease with blood platelet aggregation inhibiting activity. Aloxistatin is an irreversible, membrane-permeable inhibitor of lysosomal and cytosolic cysteine proteases with the ability to inhibit calpain activity in intact platelets.

VPS34 inhibitor 1 (Compound 19, PIK-III analogue) (PIK-III analogue) is a potent and selective inhibitor of VPS34( IC50 : 15 nM)

JZP-430 is an effective, highly selective, irreversible inhibitor of α β-hydrolase domain 6 (ABHD6) (IC50: 44 nM). It also shows ~230-fold selectivity over fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and lysosomal acid lipase (LAL).

Gly-Phe β-naphthylamide acetate is the substrate of Cathepsin C and can be used for research on the function of cathepsin C, intralysosomal hydrolysis and lysosomal membrane permeability.

EN6-mediated ATP6V1A modification decouples the v-ATPase from the Rags, leading to inhibition of mTORC1 signaling, increased lysosomal acidification and activation of autophagy. EN6 clears TDP-43 aggregates, a causative agent in frontotemporal dementia, in a lysosome-dependent manner. EN6 is a small-molecule in vivo activator of autophagy that covalently targets cysteine 277 in the ATP6V1A subunit of the lysosomal the vacuolar H+ ATPase (v-ATPase).

LCL521 inhibits lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase).LCL521 is an acid ceramidase (ACDase) inhibitor.

LCL521 dihydrochloride is a compound that functions as an inhibitor of both acid ceramidase (ACDase) and lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase).

Concanamycin A (Folimycin), a polycyclic lactone antibiotic, is a selective inhibitor of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and lysosomal acidification, and can be used to study inflammation.Concanamycin A enhances the immune clearance of infected progenitor cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and inhibits Nef et al. from different branches of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus. Concanamycin A enhances immune clearance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes from infected progenitor cells, inhibits the Nef allele from different branches of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus, and can be used to study HIV infection.

Lactacystin is an orally active, irreversible, and cell-permeable proteasome inhibitor (IC50 = 4.8 μM) that also inhibits the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin A. It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, possesses anticancer, antiviral, and antioxidant activities, can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and is commonly used in the construction of Parkinson’s disease and dementia models.