oxidative-antioxidant

1. Huperzine-B is a efficient inhibitor of human brain AChE. 2. Huperzine-B can enhance ognitive and protect neuro, may be potentially new drug candidates for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

LDL-IN-3 belongs to synthetic compounds and is an antioxidant and anti-atherosclerotic agent with good cell permeability and cardiovascular protective properties. This compound is used for the treatment of atherosclerosis-related diseases, effectively inhibiting oxidative stress and lipid deposition, and reducing arterial plaque formation.

Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ10 mesylate) is a potent TRAP1 inhibitor (IC50=0.2 μM). Mitoquinone mesylate is an antioxidant that prevents oxidative damage and targets mitochondria of TPP.

Trolox is a vitamin E analogue, used in reducing oxidative stress or damage.

AFMK (Formyl-N-acetyl-5-methoxykynurenamine) is a natural product and an apoptosis modulator with antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. This compound enhances the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells and attenuates X-ray-induced oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids.

5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid is a caffeoylated derivative of shikimic acid and belongs to the class of natural polyphenolic compounds; it is widely found in plants such as Smilax glabra. 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. 5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid can be used in research related to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Antroquinonol ((+)-Antroquinonol) is a natural product and an activator of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. The compound is cell-permeable and can be used in research on non-small cell lung cancer and colon cancer. Antroquinonol has also shown potential in inhibiting inflammation and fibrosis in models of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Elsibucol (AGI 1096) is a VCAM1 inhibitor for the study of organ transplant rejection.Elsibucol is a metabolically stable propanol derivative with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. It lowers blood cholesterol levels and reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in injured arteries, thereby inhibiting atherosclerosis and protecting endothelial healing after arterial injury.

Raxofelast (IRFI-016) is a hydrophilic, non-systemic, vitamin-like antioxidant that reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in testis. Raxofelast is a good candidate compound for stopping oxidative stress after acute testicular torsion. Raxofelast has the potential to treat diabetic complications and atherosclerosis.

Idebenone (CV-2619) is a synthetic analogue of ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10), a vital cell antioxidant and essential component of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC).

Uric acid is an important antioxidant that scavenges oxygen radicals and reactive oxygen species (such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite), inhibits lipid peroxidation, helps maintain stable blood pressure, and is the final product of purine metabolism. It is commonly used to induce hypertension models.

α-Vitamin E is a naturally occurring form of vitamin E with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. α-Vitamin E can be used in research on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, membrane damage, and inflammation-related diseases.

Sinapinic Acid (Synapoic acid) protects the rat liver from CCl4-induced inflammation, most likely by acting as a free radical scavenger and modulator of NF-κB p65 activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Sinapic acid with antioxidant role protects cardiac cells and its functions from I/R induced oxidative stress. Sinapic acid is a potentially useful agent for the protection against liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Sinapic acid prevents the alterations in the levels of lipids and lipoproteins by virtue of its anti-lipidaemic effect in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats. Sinapic acid ameliorates hyperglycemia through PLC-PKC signals to enhance the glucose utilization in diabetic rats.

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

Uric acid sodium is a potent and widely recognized antioxidant with the ability to scavenge oxygen free radicals, helping to maintain blood pressure stability and counteract oxidative stress. It effectively eliminates reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Additionally, uric acid sodium is closely associated with the pathogenesis of gouty arthritis and the formation of calcium oxalate stones, and it can be used to induce hypertension models.

Sulbutiamine (Bisibuthiamine) is an antioxidant that act by inhibiting oxidative stress induced retinal ganglion cell death.

(±)-Catechin ((±)-Catechin hydrate) hydrate is a natural product,has antioxidant activity and is effective in reducing oxidative stress.

1-Thioglycerol (alpha-Thioglycerol) is an antioxidant thioglycerol that scavenges free radicals and reduces oxidative stress as a media component, and is used as a matrix in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (LSIMS).

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol is a hindered phenol that can be used as an antioxidant to prevent oxidative degradation in plastics, rubber, and oils.

Bacoside A has a possible anticancer activity that could be inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through Notch pathway in GBM in vitro. It exerts cytoprotective efficacy by attenuation of ROS generated through oxidative stress by an increase in the concentration of antioxidant enzymes and sustain membrane integrity which leads to restoring the damage caused by tBHP. Bacoside A can able to inhibit the progression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) may be by the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and chemokine evolved during active EAE. Bacoside A also has vasorelaxation.

α-Amylase-IN-1 is an α-Amylase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5509 μM). α-Amylase-IN-1 has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 53.49 μM for scavenging of DPPH free radicals, and can be used in the study of diabetes and oxidative stress-related diseases.

(3S,5R)-Fluvastatin sodium is the enantiomerically pure form of Fluvastatin, a fully synthetic and competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with nanomolar potency, (3S,5R)-Fluvastatin sodium additionally protects vascular smooth muscle cells from oxidative stress through activation of the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway, supporting cardiovascular and redox biology research.

Apigenin-7-diglucuronide, a flavonoid glycoside found in various medicinal plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It protects retinas from bright light-induced photoreceptor degeneration by inhibiting retinal oxidative stress and inflammation.

Butin, the major bioactive flavonoid isolated from Dalbergia odorifera heartwood, possesses oral activity with notable antioxidant, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory effects. This compound effectively alleviates myocardial infarction, improves cardiac function, and prevents diabetes-induced cardiac oxidative damage in rats.