Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonic anhydrase is a ubiquitous, zinc-containing metalloenzyme found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons and can be used for research in cancer, glaucoma, obesity, and epilepsy [1] [2].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6 is a potent human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor that inhibits hCA IX, hCA II, hCA XII, and hCA I. It is used in the study of diseases caused by abnormalities in carbonic anhydrase.

TSPO/Carbonic Anhydrase Modulator 1 (Compound 3) acts as a dual modulator of mitochondrial translocator protein and carbonic anhydrase, with a TSPOKi of 1.340 μM and a CAVII KA of 10.7 μM. It enhances neurosteroid production, increases BDNF gene expression, and demonstrates neuroprotective activity.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor29 (Compound 5d) is an inhibitor targeting carbonic anhydrase IX and XII, with an inhibition constant (Ki) of 26.6 nM for carbonic anhydrase IX and a Ki of 10.9 nM for carbonic anhydrase XII. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor29 can be used in cancer research.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor31 is an mtCA2 inhibitor (Ki: 5.2 nM) that can be used in antituberculosis research.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor33 (11D) is a dual inhibitor that targets both CA (carbonic anhydrase) IX/XII and CDK6. It exhibits Ki values of 19.7 nM for hCA IX and 26.1 nM for hCA XII. Additionally, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor33 (11D) can induce G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, making it relevant for research in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor30 (compound 17) is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase with Ki values of 2.13 μM for hCA I and 0.161 μM for hCA II[1].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 17 (compound 7c) is a pyrazine-based sulfonamide that acts as a carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 0.63 nM.

Carbonic anhydrase activator 1 (Compound 17) is an orally active compound capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and acts as an activator of carbonic anhydrase (CA). It exhibits KA values of 7.8 μM for hCA I, 3.9 μM for hCA VA, and 2.1 μM for hCA VII. Carbonic anhydrase activator 1 is applicable to research in cancer, glaucoma, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders such as epilepsy.

Carbonic anhydrase-IN-34 is a carbonic anhydrase (CAs) inhibitor (compound 9d) with an IC50 value of 1.01 μM for hCA-II, 0.21 μM for hCA-IX, and 0.88 μM for hCA-XII. It shows potential applications in research related to various diseases, including epilepsy, glaucoma, obesity, and cancer.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 3 (compound 11g) is a carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor that reduces intraocular pressure in glaucomatous rabbits [1].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 10 can be used in the research of cancer that shows anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line with an IC50 of 11.9 μM. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 10 is a potent inhibitor of h CA IX with a Ki value of 6.2 nM [1].

Compound 7c, identified as carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 1, effectively inhibits carbonic anhydrase II. This inhibitor, also known as carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 3, lowers intraocular pressure in glaucomatous rabbits [1].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 4 is a photoprobe that inhibits the activity of carbonic anhydrase. It specifically targets human carbonic anhydrases, including hCA I-XIV, with K i values ranging from 640-1166 nM [1].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 14 (Compound 8b) is a potent CA inhibitor, exhibiting K i values of 1203, 99.7, 9.4, and 27.7 nM against hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII, respectively. Additionally, it effectively inhibits CDK2 with an IC 50 of 20.3 μM and demonstrates significant antitumor activity [1].

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 13 (compound 7) is a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA).

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 8 (compound R-13) is a potent human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) with K i values of 60.7 nM, 320.7 nM, and 2298 nM for hCA I, hCA II, and hCA IV, respectively.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 7 is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), acting on hCA IX (Ki: 6.5 nM), hCA II (Ki: 7.1 nM), hCA XII (Ki: 72.1 nM) and hCA I (Ki: 255.8 nM).

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 5 is a potent and selective inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), targeting hCA II (IC50: 42.9 nM), hCA IX (IC50: 47.6 nM), and hCA XII (IC50: 6.7 nM).

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 11 (compound VI) is a potent, selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, targeting CA II (Ki: 40 nM), CA IX (Ki: 39 nM), and CA XII (Ki: 900 nM).

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 9 is a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA), targeting hCA II (Ki: 56.4 nM) and IX (Ki: 56.9 nM), and exhibits antiproliferative effects.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor 12 is a potent inhibitor of CA II, with additional inhibitory activity against CA I, exhibiting K_i values of 1.72 nM for CA II and 271 nM for CA I. Moreover, it demonstrates significant anticancer activity across various cancer cell lines [1].

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor 15 (Compound 8), with an inhibitory constant (K_i) of 8.5 nM for hCA II, exhibits analgesic effects [1].

Compound 1e, also known as ALP/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1, is a dual inhibitor targeting both carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes II, IX, and XII, as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP). It exhibits inhibitory IC50 values of 0.44 µM for CA-II, 1.61 µM for CA-IX, 0.51 µM for CA-XII, and 0.107 µM for ALP [1].