γ aminobutyric acid

Several different arachidonoyl amino acids, including N-arachidonoyl-3-hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid (NAG-3H-ABA), have been isolated and characterized from bovine brain. The glycine congener was further characterized and found to suppress formalin-induced pain in rats. NAG-3H-ABA was also found in rat brain by LC-MS techniques, but has not been fully characterized to date. Most arachidonoyl amino acids are poor ligands for the CB1 receptor.

α-Casozepine, a bioactive peptide derived from milk α-S1 casein, exhibits affinity for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the brain and demonstrates anti-anxiety effects.

Homocarnosine acetate is a dipeptide unique to brain consisting of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. Homocarnosine acetate has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation

GAD65(247-266) epitope TFA, a T cell epitope derived from islet antigens, exhibits competitive binding to the type I diabetes-associated molecule I-A g7, albeit with low affinity. This epitope corresponds to a sequence within Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65, an enzyme implicated in the transformation of glutamate into gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [1].