Antinociceptive

Inosine (NSC-20262), an endogenous purine nucleoside produced by the catabolism of adenosine, is an agonist of adenosine receptors A1R and A2AR. Inosine has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.

PHYTOL (trans-Phytol) , a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, shows antinociceptive and antioxidant activities as well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. It is a specific activator of PPARα.

Epoxylinalool (2-(2-Hydroxy-2-Propyl)-5-Methyl-5-Vinyltetrahydrofuran) is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol widely used in the production of perfumes and flavors.

Metamizole sodium (Analgin) is a drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.

LP-935509 is a selective, brain-permeable, small molecule competitive inhibitor of articulin-2-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) with an IC50 of 3.3 nM and a Ki of 0.9 nM. LP-935509 is a potent inhibitor of BIKE (IC50 of 14 nM) and a moderate inhibitor of GAK (IC50 of 320±40 nM).

UNC3230 is a potent, selective, and ATP-competitive PIP5K1C inhibitor with an IC50 of approximately 41 nM. UNC3230 (UNC 3230) also inhibits PIP4K2C.

8-Epideoxyloganic acid possesses bioactivities of analgesia, homeostasis and anti-inflammatory. It has the potential to serve as anti-inflammatory agents during oxidative stress, the inhibition of ROS production, possibly through modulation of NOX activit

Songorine (Napellonine) shows favorable anti-tumor activity in preliminary pharmacological verification trials including cell proliferation and molecular docking assays.

1. Corydaline (Corydalin), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is one of the major active constituents in a new prokinetic botanical agent. 2. Corydaline promotes gastric emptying and small intestinal transit and facilitates gastric accommodation. 3. Corydaline exhibits the anti-acetylcholinesterase, antiallergic, and antinociceptive activities. 4. Corydaline has potent inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9.

JZL 184 is a potent and selective inhibitor of MAGL with IC50 of 8 nM and 4 μM for inhibition of MAGL and FAAH in mouse brain membranes respectively.

Lumichrome is an endogenous compound in humans, produced by photodegradation of riboflavin. It utilizes a p53-dependent mechanism to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human lung cancer cells.

1. Albiflorin (Alibiflorin) has anticonvulsant effect for pain relief. 2. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin has neuroprotective action against Glu toxicity. 3. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin significantly ameliorated Glu-induced reduction of cell viability, nuclear and mitochondrial apoptotic alteration, reactive oxygen species accumulation and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bax ratio. 4. Albiflorin can serve as a new chemical marker for the quality control of Paeoniae Radix and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia can be updated, via has similar anti-inflammatory effects to paeoniflorin.

Gnetol competitivity inhibits butyrylcholinesterase (IC50: 1.3 uM). Gnetol has a strong inhibitory effect on murine tyrosinase activity. Gnetol significantly suppresses melanin biosynthesis in murine B16 melanoma cells. It is active in the inhibition of a

α-Thujone is an inhibitor of ACh with an IC50 value of 24.7μM.

DL-AP5 is the racemic form of a selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with anticonvulsant effects.

7-Methoxyflavone isolated from Zornia brasiliensis with antinociceptive effects.

CRMP2-Ubc9-NaV1.7 inhibitor 194, is a CRMP2-Ubc9-NaV1.7 inhibitor.

Pamoic acid is the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35 agonist. Pamoic acid activates ERK and beta-arrestin2 and causes antinociceptive activity.

Fursultiamine (Alinamin F) is a disulfide derivative of thiamine, or an allithiamine. It has potential uses in the treatment of vitamin B1 deficiency.

σ1 Receptor antagonist-1 is a selective σ1 receptor antagonist.

Oxysophocarpine is an alkaloid extracted from seaweed. It has neuroprotective and antinociceptive effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems.

1. Vitexin has antinociceptive and antispasmodic activities. 2. Vitexin exhibits a prominent first-pass effect. 3. Vitexin has antioxidant, antimyeloperoxidase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. 4. Vitexin can either inhibit or induce activities of

BAY-1797 is an orally active and selective P2X4 antagonist (IC50: 211 nM against human P2X4) with anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. BAY-1797 displays no or very weak activity on the other P2X ion channels.

Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (Phytone) enhanced both the sticky materials production and cell growth, plays some role in the increase of sticky materials and cell growth.