tail

Amiodarone hydrochloride is an anti-anginal agent and a class III antiarrhythmic drug that inhibits potassium channels (including wild-type hERG channels and their tail currents, with an IC₅₀ of approximately 45 nM) as well as voltage-gated sodium channels. This leads to prolonged action potential duration in ventricular and atrial myocytes, resulting in reduced heart rate and vascular resistance. It activates ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in fibroblasts, promoting cell proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation. Amiodarone hydrochloride is widely used in the study of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias and can also be used to establish pulmonary fibrosis animal models.

C13-112-tri-tail, a cationic lipid-like compound, features a polar amino alcohol head group, three hydrophobic 13-carbon tails, and a PEG2 linker, allowing for formulation into lipid nanoparticles (LNP).

C13-113-tri tail, a cationic lipid-like compound, features a polar amino alcohol head group, three hydrophobic carbon-13 tails, and a tertiary amine linker. It is capable of being formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).

C13-112-tetra-tail, a cationic lipid-like compound, features a polar amino alcohol head group, four hydrophobic C13 tails, and a PEG2 linker, making it suitable for formulation into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).

C13-113-tetra tail, a cationic lipid-like compound, features a polar amino alcohol head group, a tertiary amine linker, and four hydrophobic carbon-13 tails. It can be formulated into a lipid nanoparticle (LNP).

Activated EG3 Tail facilitates the synthesis of exon-skipping oligomer conjugates that target specific sites within the human anti-muscular atrophy protein gene, promoting exon 51 skipping. This compound holds potential for research into muscular dystrophy treatments [1].

Collagen, rat tail is a natural collagen from rat tail tendon, the main component is collagen type I. It can support cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation, and is commonly used in the preparation of cell culture substrates.

50-C2-C9-4tail is a chemical compound utilized in the creation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for the efficient delivery of siRNA and mRNA, both in vitro and in vivo.

L-701324 is an NMDA receptor with high affinity and selectivity for the glycine site, used as an orally active and long-acting anticonvulsant.

Mecamylamine hydrochloride (Mevasin) is a nicotinic antagonist, used as a ganglionic blocker in hypertension.

TLX agonist 1 is an orphan nuclear receptor tailless (TLX, NR2E1) modulator

C12-200 is a five-tail/branched ionizable cationic lipid that serves as a benchmark lipid material in RNA delivery, demonstrating exceptional performance in mRNA and siRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations.

Antimicrobial Compound 1 is an alkyl pyridinium compound with Tail 12C, Head 4-carboxyl. Antimicrobial Compound 1 exhibits antimicrobial activities against B. subtilis and E. coli.

Primordazine B is a small molecule that selectively ablates Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs). It functions by specifically inhibiting a process known as Poly(A)-tail Independent Non-canonical Translation (PAINT), without interfering with typical Poly(A) tail-dependent translation (PAT). Primordazine B serves as a valuable tool for investigating translational control mechanisms in specific physiological or pathological contexts, such as gene expression regulation during cell dormancy, viral infection, or stress conditions.

Rivanicline hemioxalate, also known as RJR-2403 hemioxalate or (E)-Metanicotine hemioxalate, is a chemical compound acting as a neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist with pronounced selectivity for the α4β2 receptor subtype, showing over 1,000-fold greater selectivity for this subtype (Ki=26 nM) compared to α7 receptors (Ki=3.6 μM). Its in vitro studies demonstrate no significant activation of nAChRs in PC12 cells, muscle type nAChRs, or muscarinic receptors at concentrations up to 1 mM. Furthermore, Rivanicline displayed less than one-tenth the potency of nicotine in inducing ileum contraction, with substantially lower efficacy, and failed to antagonize nicotine-induced stimulation of muscle or ganglionic nAChR functions, with an IC50 value greater than 1 mM. Chronic exposure to Rivanicline at 10 microM led to up-regulation of high-affinity nAChRs in M10 cells, mimicking effects observed with nicotine. In vivo studies revealed that Rivanicline significantly reversed scopolamine-induced amnesia and improved working and reference memory in a rat model, while being 15 to 30 times less potent than nicotine in affecting body temperature, respiration, and other physiological responses. Metanicitone's potency was approximately five times lower than nicotine in tail-flick tests following subcutaneous administration, yet slightly more potent upon central administration.

SC-17599 exhibits dose-dependent analgesic effects in both the acetic acid-induced writhing test and the hot-water tail withdrawal test. This compound also induces a Straub tail reaction in a dose-dependent and naltrexone-sensitive manner, akin to morphine. However, unlike morphine, high doses of SC-17599 do not affect motor activity. Overall, SC-17599 demonstrates selective μ-opioid receptor agonism, showing behavior effects similar to morphine, with some differences.

NR-11c is a selective and potent p38α PROTAC degrader. It effectively degrades p38α in various tumor cells. When administered to mice via intraperitoneal or tail vein injection, NR-11c primarily acts in the liver. It is used for cancer research.

DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 6000) is a phospholipid with a hydroxyl-terminated PEG chain. Its hydrophobic tail facilitates the encapsulation and aggregation of other hydrophobic drugs, while the hydroxyl end allows for further chemical reactions. DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 6000) can be utilized to prepare liposomes or lipid nanoparticles, offering potential applications in drug delivery studies and enhancing drug absorption research.

DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 10000) is a hydroxyl-terminated PEGylated phospholipid, with its hydrophobic tail enabling the encapsulation and aggregation of other hydrophobic drugs, while the hydroxyl end allows for further reaction. This compound can be used to prepare liposomes or lipid nanoparticles, which are valuable for research in drug delivery and enhancing drug absorption.

DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 8000) is a hydroxyl-terminated PEGylated phospholipid. Its hydrophobic tail facilitates the encapsulation and aggregation of other hydrophobic drugs, while the hydroxyl terminus allows for further reactions. DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 8000) can be used in the formulation of liposomes or lipid nanoparticles for research in drug delivery and enhancement of drug absorption.

DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 4000) is a hydroxy-terminated PEGylated phospholipid with a hydrophobic tail that enables the encapsulation and aggregation of other hydrophobic drugs. The hydroxyl end allows for further reactions. DSPE-PEG-OH (MW 4000) is suitable for the preparation of liposomes or lipid nanoparticles and can be used in studies related to drug delivery and absorption enhancement.

Opioid receptor agonist1 (Compound 2638-28) is an orally active opioid receptor agonist that shows strong affinity for MOR, DOR, and KOR, with Ki values of 5, 24, and 212 nM, respectively. It exhibits analgesic activity in both the mouse warm water tail-flick model and the acetic acid writhing model.

Ebio3 is a selective potassium ion channel (KCNQ2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.2 nM. It binds to the KCNQ2 channel via its hydrophobic tail, causing the inward movement of the S6 helix, which results in the closure of the internal gate. The inhibitory effect of Ebio3 is equally effective on pathogenic KCNQ2 mutants, such as R75C and I238L, reducing their outward current by approximately 80%. Ebio3 holds potential for research in neurological disorders like epilepsy.

MMAI (5-Methoxy-6-methyl-2-aminoindan) hydrochloride acts as a selective serotonin releasing agent and does not produce stimulation or hallucinogenic effects in drug discrimination studies with rats. It induces a behavioral syndrome in rats, characterized by reduced motor activity, catatonic-like posture, rotation, Straub tail, prone posture, and decreased sleep duration.