IFNAR

2',3'-cGAMP sodium (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP sodium) is a second messenger in cellular innate immunity, catalyzed by cGAMP synthase (cGAS) under DNA binding conditions. It binds to STING to form a dimer, inducing the production and expression of interferon-β and other cytokines.

Vadimezan (DMXAA) is a vascular disrupting agent, a murine STING agonist, and an inducer of cytokines such as type I IFN. Vadimezan has antitumor activity and induces a rapid cessation of blood flow in tumors without affecting blood flow in normal tissues.

Monalizumab is a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting natural killer cell population 2A (NKG2A). Monalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against NKG2A that induces IFN-γ production, thereby activating natural killer cell function. Monalizumab has antitumor activity and can be used to study neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Deucravacitinib (BMS-986165) is a highly selective, orally bioavailable, allosteric TYK2 inhibitor for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. It blocks receptor-mediated Tyk2 activation by stabilizing the regulatory JH2 domain, inhibiting IL-12/23 and type I IFN pathways. It selectively binds to the TYK2 pseudokinase (JH2) domain with an IC50 of 1.0 nM.

Anti-Mouse IFNAR1 Antibody (MAR1-5A3) is a neutralizing monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to IFNAR1, blocking its signaling both in vitro and in vivo. It is of the Mouse IgG1 kappa isotype, with a corresponding isotype control [1] [2].

CCCP (Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenylhydrazone) is an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor and mitochondrial proton carrier uncoupler. CCCP inhibits the activation of STING and its downstream signaling molecules TBK1 and IRF3.

Anifrolumab(MEDI-546) is a potent type I interferon (IFN) receptor antagonist, a human monoclonal antibody that targets IFN.Anifrolumab inhibits the activity of type I interferon and is used for the prevention and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Ginsenoside-F3 has immunoenhancing activity by regulating production and gene expression of type 1, type 2 cytokines in murine spleen cells. Ginsenoside-F3 enhances the NF-kappaB DNA binding activity induced by ConA in murine spleen cells (10 μM).

RIG012 is a potent RIG-I inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.71 μM (measured by NADH-coupled ATPase), and it inhibits the expression of IFN-β and ISG hRsad2.

Emapalumab (NI-0501) is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody that humanizes human monoclonal antibodies against interferon gamma, blocking its binding to cell surface receptors and activating inflammatory signaling. Emapalumab has a high binding force (Kd=1.4 pM) to free IFN-γ and to IFN-γ bound to its receptor. Emapalumab can be used in the study of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

YE6144 is a prototype IRF5 inhibitor that selectively blocks IRF5 phosphorylation.YE6144 can also inhibit the production of type 1 IFNs (IC50 = 0.09μM).

Icariside I (Lcariside I) is isolated from Epimedium herb. It can stimulate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and inhibit bone resorption activity of osteoclasts.

Feeblin(IRF5-IN-1) is a protein degradation inducer that specifically blocks pro-inflammatory signaling pathways associated with autoimmune diseases and can be used to study immune system disorders in the class of systemic lupus erythematosus.

SH514 is a specific IRF4 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2.63 µM, binding to the DNA-binding domain (IRF4-DBD) of IRF4 to block its transcriptional activity and inhibit the expression of downstream genes such as CCNC, CANX, E2F5, CMYC, HK2, and Blimp1, and inhibits the expression of MM cell cycle-related proteins CDC2, Cyclin B1, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, and CMYC, making it useful for studying multiple myeloma and malignant haematological diseases.

RO8191 (CDM-3008) (CDM-3008) is an agonist of interferon (IFN) receptor.

Sifalimumab (MEDI-545) is a monoclonal antibody that targets IFNα and suppresses abnormal immune activity by binding to interferon-alpha.Sifalimumab is used for the treatment of moderate to severe SLE.

Cridanimod (10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone, CMA) is a potent STING agonist that directly binds to STING and triggers a strong antiviral response through the TBK1/IRF3 route.

EM 163 is a TIR-TIR interaction inhibitor, which is a TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) structural domain mimic of the MyD88 protein. EM 163 targets the TIR structural domain in the IL-1 receptor and blocks the interaction with MyD88. EM 163 inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines in vivo caused by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). EM 163 protects mice from SEB shock-induced death. In rat hippocampal neurons in vitro, EM 163 blocked the activation of p38 and the inhibitory effect of IL-1β on chemically induced long-term potentiation (LTP)-triggered protein synthesis.

AX-024 hydrochloride (AX-024 HCl) is an cytokine release inhibitor which can strongly inhibit the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-10 and IL-17A.

IFN alpha-IFNAR-IN-1 hydrochloride is an inhibitor of the interaction between IFN-α and IFNAR, effectively inhibiting MVA-induced IFN-α responses by BM-pDCs with an IC50 of 2-8 μM.

Fontolizumab (HuZAF) is a humanised IgG1 monoclonal anti-IFN-gamma (IFN-γ) antibody with good tolerability and low immunogenicity. It is administered intravenously in clinical settings and can be used for the study of Crohn's disease.

IRF1-IN-1 (Compound I-2) is an IRF1 inhibitor that reduces IRF1 recruitment to the Caspase 1 promoter, inhibiting the cleavage of Caspase 1, GSDMD, IL-1, and PARP1, thereby protecting against skin inflammatory damage.

Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) shows broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activities. Cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) exhibits activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and Enterococcus raffinosus.

Tilorone dihydrochloride, an orally active interferon inducer, exhibits both antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory actions.