pro 2

H-Val-Pro-Pro-OH(TFA), a proline peptide derivative from milk, is an ACE inhibitor with IC50 of 9 M.

Nisin Z has anti-inflammatory activity and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine release by inhibiting activation of the ERK1 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, attenuating lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis through inhibition of the ERK1 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val), a 2,5-diketopiperazine extracted from the fruits of Mycobacterium chiliolyticum AZ2 and Mycobacterium leprae, possesses anti-inflammatory activity and virulence activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms (e.g., R. fascians LMG 3605) and inhibits Gram-positive plant pathogens.Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited IKKα phosphorylation and IκBα and NF-κB activation as well as iNOS and COX-2 activation in a concentration Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB, as well as the activation of iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner, and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.

PGlu-3-methyl-His-Pro-NH2 TFA enhances binding to pituitary TRH receptors, thereby increasing the stimulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release from the pituitary.

Angiotensin 1 2 (5-7) acetate is a peptide with the sequence H2N-Ile-His-Pro-OH. Angiotensin is an oligopeptide and is a hormone and a powerful dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. It

Mca-Pro-Leu-NH2 is a peptide compound and a substrate for matrix protease assays.

Felypressin (Octapressin) is a synthetic analog of LYPRESSIN with a PHENYLALANINE substitution at residue 2. Felypressin is a vasoconstrictor with reduced antidiuretic activity.

Felypressin acetate (PLV-2) is an agonist of vasopressin 1 and acts on all arginine vasopressin receptors 1AS. Felypressin acetate can be used in dental procedures.

TRAP-6 amide, a PAR-1 thrombin receptor agonist peptide, [Cyclo(Pro-Arg-Gly)-Arg-Ser-Gly], is derived from the primary sequence of [TRAP-2].

H-Ile-Pro-Pro-OH hydrochloride, a tripeptide derived from milk [1], functions as an ACE inhibitor [1] with an IC 50 of 5 μM [2], and is recognized for its antihypertensive properties [1].

N-Acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (Ac-SDKP) acetate, a specific substrate for the N-terminal active site of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), functions as a natural inhibitor of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and exhibits anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties [1] [2].

Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA, a melanocortin peptide originating from the C-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), enhances the steroidogenic response of rat adrenal glands to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). It is a potent stimulator of lipolysis, demonstrating an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM, by activating hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A, leading to lipolysis [1] [2].

RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA functions as an inhibitor of integrin-ligand interactions, competitively blocking α5β1's interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM). It induces apoptosis by triggering conformational changes that facilitate pro-caspase-3 activation and autoprocessing. Furthermore, RGD peptide (GRGDNP) TFA is critical in regulating cell adhesion, migration, growth, and differentiation [1] [2] [3].

Ac-Nle-Pro-Nle-Asp-AMC is a specific substrate for the 26S proteasome, utilized for analyzing the proteasome's caspase-like activity [1] [2] [3].

BH3 hydrochloride, a peptide that crosses the blood-brain barrier, induces apoptosis either through direct activation of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax Bak or by inhibiting anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, and A-1) through their BH3 domain [1][2].

The compound, tumor-targeted pro-apoptotic peptide (CNGRC-GG-D(KLAKLAK)2), functions as an anti-tumor agent by disrupting mitochondrial membranes to induce apoptosis, demonstrating anticancer efficacy in mice [1].

Ac-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Val-Val-NH2 is a peptide substrate specific to HIV-1 protease, used as the variable component in peptidolytic assays designed to measure the enzyme's inhibition [1][2].

H-Gly-Pro-Gly-NH2, a tripeptide, effectively inhibits HIV-1 replication by interfering with capsid formation, demonstrating antiviral activity particularly against HIV-1 III B and HIV-2 ROD with EC 50 values of 35 µM and 30 µM, respectively. This compound's ability to disrupt the viral replication process positions it as a valuable asset for virus research [1] [2] [3].

Abz-Ser-Pro-3-nitro-Tyr is a substrate of ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme-2) [1].

H-Pro-Phe-OH, a dipeptide composed of proline and phenylalanine, functions both as a substrate for prolinase and in polypeptide synthesis. Phenylalanine, an aromatic amino acid within this compound, has the capability to inhibit the activity of Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [1] [2].

H-Pro-Thr-Glu-Phe-p-nitro-Phe-Arg-Leu-OH is a water-soluble polypeptide that serves as a substrate for the enzymes cathepsin D, pepsin, and pepsinogen, with potential applications in biochemical analysis [1] [2].

Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-SBzl serves as a substrate for rat intestinal mast cell protease (RMCP I), rat skeletal muscle mast cell protease (RMCP II), and Chymotrypsin, and undergoes hydrolysis by glycine (R208G) [1] [2].

H-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH, a collagen-derived matrikine, traditionally acts as a neutrophil chemoattractant, guiding these cells to target locations to orchestrate localized repair responses. Additionally, this compound initiates the transcription of neurotrophins and their receptor genes following cerebral ischemia [1] [2].

α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA, a neuropeptide belonging to the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family, is predominantly located at neuromuscular junctions and functions as a potent vasodilator. Peripheral administration of α-CGRP (mouse, rat) TFA may result in decreased blood pressure and elevated heart rate, in addition to the relaxation of colonic smooth muscle. This compound shows promising utility in the investigation of cardiovascular, pro-inflammatory, migraine, and metabolic conditions [1] [2] [3].