pharmacological

N-Acetylcarnosine (N-Acetyl-L-carnosine) is thought to be able to combat some of the effects of oxidative stress as it has anti-oxidant properties.

Tetragastrin is the C-terminal tetrapeptide of gastrin. It has the same physiological and pharmacological activity as gastrin.

Urotensin II-related peptide acetate are endogenous ligands of the orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR14, now known as UT. Urotensin II and URP exert a wide spectrum of biological effects on peripheral tissues including the cardiovascular system, airway smooth muscle, kidneys, and endocrine glands, while central administration elicits complex behavioral and cardiovascular responses, highlighting their physiological and pharmacological significance.

Fmoc-Arg(Pbf)-OH is a chemically protected amino acid derivative widely employed in life science research, particularly in solid-phase peptide synthesis, enabling the construction of arginine-containing peptides with high efficiency, selectivity, and stability for biochemical and pharmacological studies.

Insulin degludec is an ultra-long-acting insulin analog developed for the study of hyperglycemia associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Insulin degludec exhibits binding efficiency to the insulin receptor with an IC50 of 19.59 nM. Insulin degludec is applicable in diabetes research for evaluating pharmacological properties of basal insulin therapies.

Substance P (7-11) acetate is a specific fragment of the neuropeptide Substance P, acting as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the central nervous system, with its endogenous receptor being neurokinin 1 (NK1R), making it useful for neurophysiological and pharmacological research.

Sauvagine TFA, a mammalian CRF agonist derived from a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide found in frog skin, effectively releases ACTH from rat pituitary cells. It exhibits pharmacological effects on diuresis, the cardiovascular system, and endocrine glands [1] [2] [3].

Acetyl neurotensin (8-13), the most concise analog of neurotensin, retains complete binding and pharmacological properties [1].

α-Conotoxin MrIC is a biased agonist selective for the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), with activation contingent upon the presence of type II positive allosteric modulators, such as PNU120596. It is utilized to investigate neurological disorders and delineate the pharmacological characteristics of the α7nAChR [1].

Boc-D-Trp(For)-OH, a derivative of the amino acid tryptophan with pharmacological properties including inhibition of growth hormone release, induction of sleep, and anti-inflammatory effects [1] [2], is synthesized via the ammonolysis of Boc-protected D-alanine followed by cyclization with ninhydrin to form the dipeptide.

N-Acetylcarnosine acetate (N-Acetyl-L-carnosine acetate), a natural histidine-containing dipeptide, is a source of pharmacological principal L-carnosine. N-Acetylcarnosine is a potent ophthalmic drug in human cataracts

CNP, a member of the natriuretic peptide family, was first identified in porcine brain and later found in other mammals as well as non-mammals. Processing of the CNP precursor gives rise to CNP-22 and its N-terminally elongated form, CNP-53. The CNPs shar