retinal

All-trans-retinal (Vitamin A aldehyde) is a one of the major vitamin A metabolites in the retina. All-trans-RAL is regenerated to the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal in physiological conditions.

9-cis-Retinal is a retinoid with Kd of 8 nM and 5 nM for cellular retinol binding protein-I (CRBP-1) and CRBP-II, respectively. 9-cis-Retinal accelerates the differentiation and maturation of rod photoreceptors in retinal organoids, reduces the toxicity of unliganded opsins, and can be used to study congenital stationary night blindness caused by G90D rhodopsin.

Retinyl acetate (Vitamin A acetate) is a group of unsaturated nutritional hydrocarbons, that contains retinal, retinol, retinoic acid, and several provitamins A carotenoids, among which beta-carotene is the most important.

Monomethyl fumarate is a potent agonist of GPR109A .

Apigenin-7-diglucuronide, a flavonoid glycoside found in various medicinal plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It protects retinas from bright light-induced photoreceptor degeneration by inhibiting retinal oxidative stress and inflammation.

C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 16:0) is a sulfated glycolipid.C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 16:0) is a relatively abundant sulfide found in porcine brain and plasma that decreases throughout development in mice.C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a relatively abundant sulfide found in porcine brain and plasma that decreases throughout development in mice.C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a relatively abundant sulfide found in porcine brain and plasma that decreases throughout development in mice. C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 16:0) inhibits retinal ganglion cell growth in vitro.C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 16:0) has been used as an internal standard for quantifying C16 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide (d18:1 16:0) in rat cerebellum and white matter isolated from patients with multiple sclerosis. reference for sulphides.

(R)-(4′-Hydroxy)-5,7-dihydroxy-4-chromanone, an antiangiogenic homoisoflavonoid, exhibits activity against human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs).

Myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside, a quercetin derivative and plant flavonoid, exhibits antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiurease properties. It inhibits A2E photooxidation-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell death and offers protection against retinal degeneration as well as blue light (BL)-induced damage in RPE cells and mouse models [1].

Immune cell migration-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of immune cell migration, exhibiting an EC50 value of 13.5 nM in a T-cell adhesion assay. This compound is utilized in research pertaining to dry-eye and other retinal diseases [1]. As a click chemistry reagent, Immune cell migration-IN-2 possesses an alkyne group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules.

Isorhoifolin is a flavonoid glycoside from the Periploca nigrescens that promotes the regeneration of damaged brain neurons and retinal nerves.

Ginsenoside Rh3 is a natural product extracted from Ginseng C. A. Mey.Ginsenoside Rh3 has antifungal and antioxidant activities and induces Nrf2 activation in human retinal cells.