oxidized

Glutathione can occur in reduced (GSH), oxidized (GSSG), or in mixed disulfide forms and is ubiquitous in multiple biological systems serving as the major thiol-disulfide redox buffer of the cell. GSSG is the oxidized form of GSH . It can be reduced back to GSH through the NADPH-dependent enzyme glutathione reductase. GSSG functions as a hydrogen acceptor in the enzymatic determination of NADP+ and NADPH and can be a proximal donor in S-glutathionylation post translational modifications. The ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione within cells is often used as an indicator of oxidative stress, with higher concentrations of GSSG predicting increased oxidative stress.

Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 Acetate (Palmitoyl Tripeptide-38 Acetate (1447824-23-8 Free base)) , consisting of three amino acids, is a di-oxidized lipopeptide. The peptide was inspired by a tripeptide that occurs naturally in collagen VI and laminin. It rebuilds the skin from the inside where it is needed, smoothes wrinkles and soothes the skin, especially for forehead lines, crow's feet, forehead lines and necklines.

(Met(O)35)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42) is the oxidized form of Methionine 35 in Aβ42, capable of producing an oligomer size distribution similar to Aβ40. This compound is utilized in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research [1].