mdamb-231

Bryonamide B is a cucurbitane triterpene that can be extracted from Bryonia aspera.

Pinostrobin chalcone, a chalcone analog isolated from the leguminous plant, Mucuna pruriens, exhibits anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 20.42±2.23 μg/mL against MDA-MB-231 and 22.51±0.42 μg/mL against the HT-29 colon cancer cell line.

Rapamycin (AY 22989) is a natural product of macrolides, an mTOR inhibitor with specificity (HEK293 cells: IC50=0.1 nM). Rapamycin has immunosuppressive activity and induces autophagy.

Nimbolide suppresses CDK4/CDK6 kinase activity. Nimbolide inhibits the NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Nimbolide causes apoptosis through the inactivation of NF-κB. Nimbolide is a triterpene derived from the leaves and flowers

Nigericin sodium salt is an antibiotic, an NLRP3 activator, and a cationic ion carrier. Nigericin sodium triggers the activation of the NALP3 inflammasome, which inhibits Golgi function and suppresses the growth of Gram-positive bacteria.

Trichostatin A (TSA), a natural derivative of diene isohydroxamic acids, is a specific and reversible histone deacetylase inhibitor (IC50=1.8 nM) that induces hyperacetylation of core histones to regulate chromatin structure.

Nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 derivative, is an inhibitor of SIRT1 (IC50=50-180 μM) and SIRT2 (IC50=2 μM). Nicotinamide can be used as a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+, which can be supplemented by dietary intake and can prevent or treat melanoglossia and pellagra.

Capsaicin is an active natural component found in chili peppers and acts as a TRPV1 agonist (EC50 = 0.29 μM). It possesses multiple activities, including pain relief, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, as well as some neurotoxicity. Capsaicin can be used to establish itch models.

Genistein (NPI 031L) is a naturally occurring soy isoflavone, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Genistein has antitumor, antioxidant, and anthelmintic properties, and also produces estrogen-like effects in the body.

(-)-Epicatechin (Epicatechin) is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), inhibiting the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.

Baicalein (5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor.

Costunolide (Costus lactone) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mediates apoptosis.

Nigericin is a polyether antibiotic with potent antimicrobial, antimalarial, anticoronaviral and anticancer activities. It is capable of promoting cellular potassium efflux, inducing Caspase-1/GSDMD and Caspase-3-mediated cellular pyroptosis and apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer, and inducing apoptosis in PEL (primary exudative lymphoma) cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and Wnt/β-catenin signaling downregulation.

Timosaponin AIII (Timosaponin A3) induces autophagy in HeLa cells followed by apoptotic cell death (IC50: 10 μM). The Timosaponin AIII cellular response is mediated via inhibition of mTORC1 and induction of ER stress (IC50: 2.5 μM, BT474 cells; 6 μM, MDAMB231). The Timosaponin AIII pro-apoptotic response is selective for tumor cells over normal cells but autophagy is induced in both.

Bongkrekic acid (Bongkrekic Acid (ammonium salt)) is a mitochondrial toxin secreted by Burkholderia gladioli that inhibits adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT).Bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic acid Bongkrekic acid induces extracellular traps in neutrophils through signaling mediated by p38, ERK, PAD4, and P2X1.

1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Pentagalloylglucose (Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose) and gallic acid from Pistacia lentiscus have antimutagenic and antioxidant activities. 2. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) possesses potent anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects, it also has inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 activity. 3. PGG may serve as a model for the development of new types of anti-diabetic and anti-metabolic syndrome therapeutics. 4. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta- O -galloyl-β- d -glucose has vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory effects, it dilates vascular smooth muscle and suppresses the vascular inflammatory process via endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling. 5. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose can decrease the level of extracellular hepatitis B virus (HBV) (IC5, 1. microg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner, it also can reduce the HBsAg level by 25% at a concentration of 4 microg/ml; the gallate structure of PGG may play a critical role in the inhibition of anti-HBV activity, suggests that PGG could be a candidate for developing an anti-HBV agent. 6. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose has anti-parasitic activity, displays an EC5 value of 67 μM, at least 6.6-fold more effective than the standard drug benznidazole against trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi.

Deltonin has an inhibition of ERK1/2 and AKT activation. Deltonin shows cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells (IC50: 7.66 μM), mouse C26 cells (IC50: 1.22 μM), and human MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50: 1.58 μM).

Sophoraflavanone G (Kushenol F) (Kushenol F), isolated from Sophora flavescens, induces MDA-MB-231 and HL-60 cells apoptosis through suppression of MAPK-related pathways.

Chrysosplenol D, an efflux pump inhibitor that can potentiate the activity of commercially important antibiotics and antimalarials.

Cedrelone is a citrulline analog and a phenazine biosynthesis-like domain protein (PBLD) activator.Cedrelone induces apoptosis in cancer cells.Cedrelone is a very potent inducer of apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest.Cedrelone has insecticidal activity, inhibiting the growth of arrowhead venom of P. saucia and inhibiting moulting of the milkweed bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus). Cedrelone has insecticidal activity, inhibiting the growth of P. saucia and inhibiting moulting of the milkweed bug (Oncopeltus fasciatus).Cedrelone has antitumor effects and exhibits significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines such as -60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480.Cedrelone is a very potent inducer of apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest.Cedrelone is a very potent inducer of apoptosis, leading to cell cycle arrest.

Protoapigenone, an antineoplastic agent extracted from ferns, demonstrates notable inhibitory activity against various cancer cell lines, including Hep G2, Hep 3B, MCF-7, A549, and MDAMB-231. The respective IC50 values are 1.60, 0.23, 0.78, 3.88, and 0.27 μg/mL [1].