idiopathic

Ebastine (Kestine) (trade names Evastin, Kestine, Ebastel, Aleva) is a non-sedating H1 antihistamine. It does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier and thus allows an effective block of the H1 receptor in peripheral tissue without a central side effect, i. e not causing sedation or drowsiness.

Macitentan (ACT-064992) is an endothelin receptor antagonist utilized in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

BMS-986020 (AM152) is a selective LPA1 antagonist.

Plecanatide acetate is an analogue of Uroguanylin. It is an orally active guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) receptor agonist.

GLPG2938 (1-(2-Ethoxy-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl)-3-((5-methyl-6-(1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyridazin-3-yl)methyl)urea) is a potent and selective antagonist of S1P2.

CC-90001 is an orally administered c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor with bias for JNK1 over JNK2.

Mizolastine (SL 850324) (IC50= 47 nM) is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist.It is used in the treatment of allergic reactions such as hay fever (seasonal allergic rhinitis), hives.

Pidotimod is a synthetic dipeptide with immunomodulatory properties.

Autotaxin-IN-4 is an Autotaxin inhibitor. It has the potential to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Elobixibat (A 3309) is an inhibitor of the ileal bile acid transporter (IC50: 0.13 nM, 0.53 nM, and 5.8 nM for mouse, human, and canine IBAT). Elobixibat can be used in studies about chronic idiopathic constipation.

LPA1 receptor antagonist 1(LPA1 R antagonist 1) is a selective and potent lysophosphatidic acid (LPA1) receptor antagonist (IC50 : 25 nM) for the study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Bersiporocin is a novel prolyl-tRNA synthetase (PRS) inhibitor that exerts antifibrotic effects through downregulation of collagen synthesis and is well tolerated in the clinic. In cellular and animal models of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), DWN12088 significantly reduced collagen synthesis and improved lung function.

TD139 is a small molecule inhibitor of inhaled galectin-3 (Gal-3) with potential anti-fibrotic activity, commonly used in the study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Quinine is a natural cinchona alkaloid that has been used for centuries in the prevention and therapy of malaria. Quinine is also used for idiopathic muscle cramps. Quinine therapy has been associated with rare instances of hypersensitivity reactions which can be accompanied by hepatitis and mild jaundice.

Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride (Xyzal Dihydrochloride) is a third-generation peripheral H1-receptor antagonist. Acting as an antihistaminic agent, it specifically targets the histamine H1-receptor. Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride is the R-enantiomer of Cetirizine, which gives it a higher affinity for the H1-receptor than the S-enantiomer. Due to this enhanced affinity, Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride is effective in treating allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria.

Rasagiline Mesylate (AGN1135) is a novel MAO-B inhibitor, which can treat idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

BAY-6672 is a selective human prostaglandin F (FP) receptor antagonist that is highly potent (IC50=11 nM), orally available and well permeable. It exerts antifibrotic effects by inhibiting prostaglandin F2α (PGF₂α) activity through antagonizing the FP receptor, and has in vivo efficacy in animal models of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

TGFβ1-IN-2, a derivative of diarylacylhydrazones, effectively inhibits fibroblast activation and proliferation and holds potential for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research [1].

TGFβ1-IN-3, a diarylhydrazone derivative, inhibits fibroblast activation and proliferation, positioning it as a candidate compound for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Biperiden (Bipariden) is a muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.

Autotaxin-IN-5 is an Autotaxin inhibitor. It has the potential to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Linaclotide acetate is used as an oral guanylate cyclase C agonist linaclotide; 14 amino acid peptide for the potential treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and chronic idiopathic constipation.

Macitentan n-butyl analogue, a derivative of Macitentan, functions as an orally active dual antagonist targeting both endothelin ETA and ETB receptors. This compound shows promise for treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), leveraging its non-peptide structure for potential therapeutic applications.

Astemizole (Laridal) is a synthetic piperidinyl-benzimidazol derivative with antiallergic properties, acts as a reversible competitive inhibitor of histamine H1 receptors, with less anticholinergic effects compared to related agents. It is a long-acting, non-sedative antihistaminic used in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria.