amp-activated

MK8722 is an effective and systemic activator of pan-AMPK.

Dorsomorphin (BML-275) is an AMPK inhibitor (Ki=109 nM) that is selective and ATP-competitive. Dorsomorphin inhibits the BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3, and ALK6. Dorsomorphin induces autophagy, and possesses antitumor activity.

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) is an AMPK activator with blood-brain barrier permeability. Metformin may improve glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal glucose uptake, and is commonly used in type 2 diabetes research.

HTH-01-015 is a selective NUAK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 100 nM.

Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), a widely used anti-diabetic drug, exhibits potential anti-Y properties by inhibiting the proliferation of various Y cells, including colon and prostate.

Flufenamic acid (Arlef) is an anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically.

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine that activates AMPK while inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB and MAPK.

Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins and is found in diverse plant foods, including pomegranates, berries, walnuts, tropical fruits, and medicinal herbs. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Urolithin B has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Phenformin hydrochloride (Phenformin HCl) is an agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity.

AICAR (Acadesine) is an AMPK activator that causes ZMP accumulation, thereby mimicking the stimulatory effect of AMP on both AMPK and AMPKK. It is commonly used in research related to diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and tumors.

Buformin hydrochloride (NSC-528218) is a potent AMPK activator,an oral antidiabetic drug of the biguanide class. Buformin delays the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake into cells and inhibits synthesis of glucose by the liver. Biguanides may antagonize the action of glucagon, thus reducing fasting glucose levels.

Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is a purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphates and a key cellular metabolite in signal transduction and regulation of energy homeostasis.It has a role as an EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor, an EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor and an adenosine A1 receptor agonist.

Daphnetin (7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin), a natural coumarin derivative, is a protein kinase inhibitor with inhibitory for EGFR (IC50: 7.67 μM), PKA (IC50: 9.33 μM), and PKC (IC50: 25.01 μM), also exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Methyl cinnamate, a tyrosinase inhibitor and a flavoring compound, has antimicrobial, antiadipogenic, vasorelaxant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

RGX-202 (β-GPA) is a creatine analog that alters skeletal muscle energy expenditure. It reduces cellular ATP, creatine, and phosphocreatine levels and stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), activating PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α).

Danthron (Antrapurol) is a natural product, regulates glucose, and lipid metabolism by activating AMPK.

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is a Topoisomerase II (Top2) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity.

A-769662 is an effective, reversible AMPK activator(EC50=0.8 μM).

STO-609 is a specific and cell-permeable inhibitor of the Ca2+ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK) for recombinant CaM-KKα KKβ (Ki: 80 15 ng mL).

Platycodin D may stimulate TNF-α synthesis or inhibit degradation of TNF-α mRNA. Platycodin D (10 30 μM) suppresses prostaglandin E2 production in rat peritoneal macrophages stimulated by the protein kinase C activator 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA). Platycodin D and D3 are useful as expectorant agents in the treatment of various airway diseases, they can increase mucin release from rat and hamster tracheal surface epithelial cell culture and also from intact rat trachea upon nebulization.

Amarogentin is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. It plays cemopreventive therapeutic role during liver carcinogenesis through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis

Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride (BML-275 2HCl) is a potent, selective and ATP-competitive AMPK inhibitor (Ki: 109 nM) and does not exhibit significant activity on structurally related kinases.

GSK-690693 is a pan-Akt inhibitor targeting Akt1 2 3 with IC50 of 2 nM 13 nM 9 nM, also sensitive to the AGC kinase family: PKA, PrkX and PKC isozymes. Phase 1.

EX229 (C991) is an allosteric activator of AMPK, with Kds of 0.06 μM, 0.06 μM and 0.51 μM for α1β1γ1, α2β1γ1, and α1β2γ1, respectively.