diphosphate

Adefovir is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for treatment of hepatitis B and herpes simplex virus infection.

Adefovir diphosphate 2TEA is the salt form of Adefovir diphosphate.Adefovir diphosphate is a metabolite of Adefovir (GS-0393,PMEA) and cyclic nucleoside phosphonate (ANP) analog , an orally available reverse transcriptase inhibitor with antiviral activity against herpes, hepatitis B, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Oxythiamine diphosphate is a competitivethiamine pyrophosphate inhibitor(Ki of 30 nM).

Sonidegib diphosphate (LDE225 diphosphate) is a selective antagonist of Smo that inhibits murine Smo (IC50:1.3 nM) and human Smo (IC50:2.5 nM).

Thiamine diphosphate analog 1, an analog of Thiamine diphosphate (the active form of vitamin B1 and a universal cofactor in key cellular pathways), mirrors the structure and potentially the function of its prototype.

Inosine 5'-diphosphate sodium, a purine ribonucleoside diphosphate with inosine as its nucleobase, plays a role in intracellular energy metabolism and signal transduction processes.

Clofarabine-5'-diphosphate (Clofarabine-DP) is a metabolite resulting from the phosphorylation of Clofarabine by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK). It can undergo further phosphorylation to become Clofarabine-5'-triphosphate, exhibiting cytotoxicity in cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and repair.

Deoxyadenosine diphosphate sodium is a diphosphate nucleoside featuring deoxyadenosine as its nucleoside component. It plays a role in the synthesis and repair of DNA. Deoxyadenosine diphosphate sodium acts as an inhibitor of polynucleotide phosphorylase, thereby interfering with the polymerization of ADP and CDP.

Clofarabine-5'-diphosphatetrisodium (Clofarabine-DP trisodium) is the sodium salt form of Clofarabine-5'-diphosphate. As a metabolic product of Clofarabine, it results from phosphorylation by deoxycytidine kinase (dCK). Clofarabine-5'-diphosphate trisodium can undergo further phosphorylation to form Clofarabine-5'-triphosphate, demonstrating cytotoxicity in cancer cells by inhibiting DNA synthesis and repair.

Glycerophosphoinositol 4,5-diphosphate (GroPI(4,5)P2) trisodium is an analog of InsP3 with slow metabolism. It has an EC50 of 1.228 μM for inducing calcium release and a degradation time constant of 13 seconds. This compound is useful for studying the impact of InsP3 degradation on calcium signal recovery.

6-Thioguanosine-5'-O-diphosphate sodium (6-Thio-GDP sodium) (TGDP sodium) is an active metabolite of 6-Mercaptopurine. As a purine analogue, 6-Mercaptopurine acts as an antagonist to endogenous purines and is extensively utilized as both an anti-leukemic and immunosuppressive agent.

Diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (Fosfestrol) is a diphosphate salt of diethylstilbestrol and acts as an estrogen receptor agonist. Serving as a prodrug to diethylstilbestrol, it exhibits potent anti-gonadotropic effects. Diethylstilbestrol diphosphate is utilized in research related to prostate cancer.

Aminoquinol diphosphate may be useful in the treatment of acute necrotising cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Linear-benzoadenosine diphosphate is a nucleotide analog.

NHC-diphosphate, a phosphorylated intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) in its diphosphate form[1], serves as a potent antiviral agent. As a pyrimidine ribonucleoside, NHC effectively counters the replication of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV)[1].

NHC-triphosphate triammonium is an active phosphorylated intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) as a triphosphate form[1]. NHC-triphosphate triammonium is a weak alternative substrate for the viral polymerase and can be incorporated into HCV replicon RNA[1][2]. In an intracellular metabolism assay, HCV replicon cells are treated with 10 μM 3H-labeled NHC, and intracellular nucleotide levels are determined after 1, 2 and 8 hours incubations. NHC is rapidly convered into the mono-, di-, and triphosphate forms, and NHC-TP reaches up to 71.12 pM after 8 hours[1].NHC-triphosphate triammonium (NHC-TP) (5-40 μM) absence leads to full-length polymerization products, it can be a weak alternative substrate. In addition, incorporation of NHC-TP instead of CTP increases the molecular weight of the polymerization product by 16 (one extra oxygen) for each event and an obvious electrophoretic shift is observed in cell-free HCV NS5B polymerization reactions[1].Huh-7 cells are incubated with (10-50 μM; 4 h) NHC or a McGuigan phosphoramidate prodrug of NHC. Intracellular levels of the parental compounds and phosphorylated metabolites are measured using LC-MS/MS. Small amounts of NHC-monophosphate (MP) and NHC-diphosphate (DP) can be observed, while NHC-triphosphate triammonium remains the most abundant metabolite[2].NHC-triphosphate triammonium (NHC-TP) metabolite may directly target the viral polymerase and behave as a nonobligate chain terminator. It plays a prominent role in inhibiting early negative-strand RNA synthesis, either through chain termination or mutagenesis, which may in turn interfere with correct replicase complex formation. [1]. Stuyver LJ,et al. Ribonucleoside analogue that blocks replication of bovine viral diarrhea and hepatitis C viruses in culture.Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jan;47(1):244-54. [2]. Maryam Ehteshami, et al. Characterization of β-d- N4-Hydroxycytidine as a Novel Inhibitor of Chikungunya Virus.

Tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) is a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerases, specifically targeting dATP, and functions as a substrate for the reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)[1].

Adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate sodium is a competitive P2Y1 antagonist and exhibits non-selective antagonism at both recombinant and human platelet P2X1 receptors.

Oxythiamin diphosphate ammonium [OxyThDP, OxiTDP] is a potent inhibitor of transketolase (TK).

Sodium ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9(6H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl diphosphate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T65217.

Cabergoline diphosphate is a dopamine D2 receptor agonist used for prolactinoma treatment. Cabergoline permits rapid and effective hormonal and tumor control by normalizing prolactin-producing pituitary adenomas levels.

Aristeromycin diphosphate is an inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AHCY), inducing miR-26a and regulating oncogenic EZH2 expression, showing high inhibitory activity against AHCY, and causing growth inhibition of prostate cancer.

Hexestrol diphosphate tetrasodium is a synthetic ER agonist, microtubule polymerization inhibitor, and potential carcinogen. It induces mitotic arrest, aneuploidy, and DNA adduct formation.

Zidovudine diphosphate is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is of the nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) class. Zidovudine inhibits the enzyme (reverse transcriptase) that HIV uses to synthesize DNA, thus preventing viral DNA from forming.