amp-activated protein kinase

Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), a widely used anti-diabetic drug, exhibits potential anti-Y properties by inhibiting the proliferation of various Y cells, including colon and prostate.

MK8722 is an effective and systemic activator of pan-AMPK.

Dorsomorphin (BML-275) is an AMPK inhibitor (Ki=109 nM) that is selective and ATP-competitive. Dorsomorphin inhibits the BMP type I receptors ALK2, ALK3, and ALK6. Dorsomorphin induces autophagy, and possesses antitumor activity.

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) is an AMPK activator with blood-brain barrier permeability. Metformin may improve glycemic control by increasing insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal glucose uptake, and is commonly used in type 2 diabetes research.

HTH-01-015 is a selective NUAK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 100 nM.

Danthron (Antrapurol) is a natural product, regulates glucose, and lipid metabolism by activating AMPK.

Flufenamic acid (Arlef) is an anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is used in musculoskeletal and joint disorders and administered by mouth and topically.

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine that activates AMPK while inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB and MAPK.

Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins and is found in diverse plant foods, including pomegranates, berries, walnuts, tropical fruits, and medicinal herbs. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Urolithin B has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Phenformin hydrochloride (Phenformin HCl) is an agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity.

AICAR (Acadesine) is an AMPK activator. AICAR has the functions of metabolic regulation, muscle function regulation, anti-cancer effect, neuroprotection and anti-aging.

Buformin hydrochloride (NSC-528218) is a potent AMPK activator,an oral antidiabetic drug of the biguanide class. Buformin delays the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake into cells and inhibits synthesis of glucose by the liver. Biguanides may antagonize the action of glucagon, thus reducing fasting glucose levels.

Daphnetin (7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin), a natural coumarin derivative, is a protein kinase inhibitor with inhibitory for EGFR (IC50: 7.67 μM), PKA (IC50: 9.33 μM), and PKC (IC50: 25.01 μM), also exhibit anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Bempedoic acid (ETC1002) is an orally available, once-daily LDL-C lowering small molecule designed to lower elevated levels of LDL-C and to avoid side effects associated with existing LDL-C lowering therapies. Bempedoic acid(ETC1002) is absorbed rapidly in the small intestine and enters the liver through cell surface receptors different from those transporters that selectively take up statins. Bempedoic acid(ETC1002) is a regulator of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Methyl cinnamate, a tyrosinase inhibitor and a flavoring compound, has antimicrobial, antiadipogenic, vasorelaxant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

MARK4 inhibitor 1 inhibits cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and induces apoptosis. MARK4 inhibitor 1 is a potent microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.54 μM.

TMPA is a nuclear receptor Nur77 and LKB1 interaction antagonist.

ZLN024 is an activator of AMPK allosteric. ZLN024 allosterically stimulates active AMPK heterotrimers and the inactive α1 subunit truncations α1 (1-394) and α1 (1-335) but not α1 (1-312).

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is a fluorescent anthracycline antitumor antibiotic that inhibits Topoisomerase I/II, induces apoptosis and autophagy, downregulates the AMPK signaling pathway, and is commonly used in cancer chemotherapy as well as in models of nephritis and heart failure.

MT 63-78 is a specific and effective direct AMPK activator (EC50: 25 μM) that blocks prostate cancer growth by inhibiting the lipogenesis and mTORC1 pathways. It has antitumor effects and induces cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis.

Palmitelaidic Acid (trans-Palmitoleic acid) is one of the most abundant fatty acids in serum and tissue.

Annaosanchun (YC-6) is potentially for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

A-769662 is an effective, reversible AMPK activator(EC50=0.8 μM).

Ginkgolide C (BN-52022), a natural product, can enhance the cardiac function of rats in the body.