depressive

Agomelatine (Valdoxan) is structurally closely related to melatonin. Agomelatine is a potent agonist at melatonin receptors and an antagonist at serotonin-2C (5-HT2C) receptors, tested in an animal model of depression.

Flupentixol dihydrochloride is used in therapy of schizophrenia as well as in anxiolytic and depressive disorders.

Zalospirone is a 5-HT1A receptor agonist that can be used to study anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder.

Imiloxan (RS-21361) is an α2 adrenergic receptor antagonist used in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Liafensine(BMS-820836) is a novel and selective triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor with inhibitory effects on the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine for the study of major depressive disorder and central nervous system disorders.

Memantine, an amantadine derivative with some dopaminergic effects, has been proposed as an antiparkinson agent and has may be used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. It acts on the glutamatergic system by blocking NMDA receptors.

Milnacipran hydrochloride (Savella) is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used to treat major depressive disorders. Milnacipran hydrochloride is an enantiomer of milnacipran, which is used to treat fibromyalgia. Milnacipran hydrochloride and milnacipran have been associated with a low rate of transient elevations in serum aminotransferase levels during treatment and with rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury with jaundice.

Venlafaxine (Wy 45030), an arylalkanolamine serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), is used to treat major generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder and social phobia.

Trazodone hydrochloride (Trazodone HCl) is a serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Vilazodone (SB659746A) is a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and a 5-HT-1A receptor partial agonist, with antidepressant and anti-anxiety activities. Vilazodone inhibits the reuptake of serotonin from the synaptic cleft while stimulating the release of 5-HT into the synaptic cleft. This increases the concentration of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft and potentiates serotonergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system.

Vilazodone Hydrochloride (EMD 68843) , a partial agonist of 5-HT1A receptors and specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is utilized in treating of the major depressive disorder.

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (Ademetionine) is an intermediate metabolite of methionine,for treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis and major depressive disorder.

LY2940094 (LY-2940094) decreases ethanol self-administration in animal models. LY2940094 is an effective, selective, and orally available nociceptin receptor antagonist with high affinity (Ki=0.105 nM) and antagonist potency (Kb=0.166 nM).

Jatrorrhizine (neprotin) is a protoberberine alkaloid isolated from Enantia chlorantha (Annonaceae) and other species. It was found to have antimicrobial and antifungal activity. It binds and noncompetitively inhibits monoamine oxidase (IC50 4 micromolar for MAO-A and 62 for MAO-B).

ZZL-7 is a fast-onset antidepressant agent that disrupts the interaction between neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the serotonin transporter (SERT) in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). It easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and has research value in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Antidepressant agent 5 is a 7-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative with antidepressant activity.Antidepressant agent 5 acts similarly to magnoflorine in the study of depression and can be used for the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders.

Duloxetine D3 hydrochloride is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) with a Ki of 4.6 nM, used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Duloxetine D3 hydrochloride ((S)-Duloxetine D3 hydrochloride) is a deuterium-labeled Duloxetine hydrochloride.

Compound 2o, also known as CB2R 5-HT1AR agonist 1, serves as a partial orally active agonist for the CB2 receptor (EC50 = 479.6 nM) and a full agonist for the 5-HT1A receptor (EC50 = 2.7 μM). This compound demonstrates both anti-anxiety and anti-depressive effects and has favorable pharmacokinetic properties [1].

Tyrosylleucine (Tyr-Leu, YL) TFA is a dipeptide compound with potent antidepressant-like activity and demonstrates effective modulation of depressive symptoms when administered orally.

LY2794193, a potent and selective mGlu3 (metabotropic glutamate 3) receptor agonist, Ki=0.927 nM, EC50=0.47 nM, reduces akathisia seizures and depressive-like behaviors and increases GAT1, GLAST and GLT-1 protein levels in rats.

Tofenacin (free base) is an antidepressant drug with a tricyclic-like structure. It acts as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and based on its close relation to orphenadrine, may also possess anticholinergic and antihistamine properties. Tofenacin is also the major active metabolite of orphenadrine and likely plays a role in its beneficial effects against depressive symptoms seen in Parkinson's disease patients.

5β-Androstan-3β-ol-17-one (3β-Etiocholanolone; 5β-Epiandrosterone), a 5β-reduced steroid and a significant metabolic derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), demonstrates potent antihyperglycemic actions in C57BL KsJ genetically diabetic (db db) mice and possesses a depressive effect on neuronal activity [1] [2].

Elzasonan is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor antagonist used to treat patients with major depressive disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder.