CRF

Urotensin I acetate, a CRF-like neuropeptide, acts as an agonist of CRF receptor with pEC50s of 11.46, 9.36 and 9.85 for human CRF1, human CRF2 and rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells, and Kis of 0.4, 1.8, and 5.7 nM for hCRF1, rCRF2α and mCRF2β receptors, respectively[1][2].

Urocortin, human (Human urocortin I) is a 40 amino acid peptide which is closely related to corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF).

α-helical CRF 9-41 acetate is a competitive antagonist of CRF2 (KB = 100 nM) and a partial agonist of CRF1 (EC50 = 140 nM).

α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA acts as a competitive antagonist for the CRF2 receptor, with a binding constant (K B) of approximately 100 nM, and serves as a partial agonist for the CRF1 receptor, exhibiting a half-maximal effective concentration (EC 50) of 140 nM [1] [2].

CRF(6-33)(human) TFA is a competitive inhibitor of the Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Binding Protein (CRF-BP), selectively interacting with CRF-BP without affecting post-synaptic Corticotropin-Releasing Factor receptors, and demonstrates an anti-obesity effect [1] [2].

(D-Phe12,Nle21,38,α-Me-Leu37)-CRF (12-41) (human, rat) is a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist that counteracts the inhibitory effects of IL-1a on luteinizing hormone (LH) production [1].

α-Helical CRF (9-41) is a synthetic peptide antagonist that targets corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), effectively inhibiting CRF-induced adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release both in vitro, with isolated rat anterior pituitary cells at concentrations of 0.5 to 5 µM, and in vivo, in non-anesthetized, intact rats at doses ranging from 0.02 to 0.6 µmol/kg. Moreover, it prevents stress-induced ACTH release at a dose of 0.6 µmol/kg in rats and demonstrates the ability to enhance social interaction times in a rat model addressing nicotine-induced conditioned anxiety, in addition to decreasing binge-like ethanol consumption in mice.

CRF, bovine (TFA) is a potent agonist of CRF receptor, and displaces [125I-Tyr]ovine CRF with a Ki of 3.52 nM.CRF, bovine is a potent agonist of CRF receptor, and displaces [125I-Tyr]ovine CRF with a Ki of 3.52 nM[1]. CRF shows pEC50s of 11.16, 8.53 and 8

CRF, bovine, is a potent agonist of the CRF receptor and displaces [125I-Tyr]ovine CRF with a Ki of 3.52 nM.

CRF(6-33)(human) is a peptide inhibitor of corticotropin-releasing factor binding protein (CRFBP) that displaces CRF from CRFBP, suppresses body weight gain, and increases motor activity in obese rats in vivo.

CRF (6-33) acetate is a corticotropin-releasing factor binding protein (CRFBP) inhibitor peptide; displaces CRF from CRFBP. Suppresses body weight gain and increases motor activity in obese rats in vivo.

Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist (Ki values are 17, 5 and 0.97 at human CRF1, rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β receptors respectively).

(Ala13)-Apelin-13 acetate, an APJ antagonist, modulates CRF-induced enhanced colonic motility, visceral sensation, and gut barrier.

Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011). Urocortin III is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin II , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Human urocortin III shares 90, 40, 37, and 21% identity to mouse urocortin III , mouse urocortin II , human urocortin , and mouse urocortin, respectively. Urocortin III selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors (Kis = 21.7, 13.5, and >100 nM for rat CRF2α, rat CRF2β, and human CRF1, respectively). It stimulates cAMP production in CHO cells expressing rat CRF2α and mouse CRF2β (EC50s = 0.16 and 0.12 nM, respectively) as well as cultured anterior pituitary cells expressing endogenous CRF2β. Urocortin III is co-released with insulin to potentiate glucose-stimulated somatostatin release in vitro in human pancreatic β-cells.2 In vivo, urocortin III reduces food intake in a dose- and time-dependent manner in mice with a minimum effective dose (MED) of 0.3 nmol/animal.3 It increases swimming time in a forced swim test in mice, indicating antidepressant-like activity.4 References1. Lewis, K., Li, C., Perrin, M.H., et al. Identification of urocortin III, an additional member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family with high affinity for the CRF2 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(13), 7570-7575 (2001).2. van der Meulen, T., Donaldson, C.J., Cáceres, E., et al. Urocortin3 mediates somatostatin-dependent negative feedback control of insulin secretion. Nat. Med. 21(7), 769-776 (2015).3. Pelleymounter, M.A., Joppa, M., Ling, N., et al. Behavioral and neuroendocrine effects of the selective CRF2 receptor agonists urocortin II and urocortin III. Peptides 25(4), 659-666 (2004).4. Tanaka, M., Kádár, K., Tóth, G., et al. Antidepressant-like effects of urocortin 3 fragments. Brain Res. Bull. 84(6), 414-418 (2011).

Urocortin II is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin III , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Mouse urocortin II shares 34 and 42% sequence homology with rat CRF and urocortin . It is expressed in mouse paraventricular, supraoptic, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus, the locus coeruleus, and in motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal ventral horn. Urocortin II selectively binds to CRF1 over CRF2 receptors (Kis = 0.66 and >100 nM, respectively) and induces cAMP production in CHO cells expressing CRF2 (EC50 = 0.14 nM). In vivo, urocortin II suppresses nighttime food intake by 35% in rats when administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 1 μg. Urocortin II (0.1 and 0.5 μg, i.c.v) stimulates fecal pellet output, increases distal colonic transit, and inhibits gastric emptying in mice.2References1. Reyes, T.M., Lewis, K., Perrin, M.H., et al. Urocortin II: A member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family that is selectively bound by type 2 CRF receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(5), 2843-2848 (2001).2. Martinez, V., Wang, L., Million, M., et al. Urocortins and the regulation of gastrointestinal motor function and visceral pain. Peptides 25(10), 1733-1744 (2004). Urocortin II is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin III , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Mouse urocortin II shares 34 and 42% sequence homology with rat CRF and urocortin . It is expressed in mouse paraventricular, supraoptic, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus, the locus coeruleus, and in motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal ventral horn. Urocortin II selectively binds to CRF1 over CRF2 receptors (Kis = 0.66 and >100 nM, respectively) and induces cAMP production in CHO cells expressing CRF2 (EC50 = 0.14 nM). In vivo, urocortin II suppresses nighttime food intake by 35% in rats when administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 1 μg. Urocortin II (0.1 and 0.5 μg, i.c.v) stimulates fecal pellet output, increases distal colonic transit, and inhibits gastric emptying in mice.2 References1. Reyes, T.M., Lewis, K., Perrin, M.H., et al. Urocortin II: A member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family that is selectively bound by type 2 CRF receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(5), 2843-2848 (2001).2. Martinez, V., Wang, L., Million, M., et al. Urocortins and the regulation of gastrointestinal motor function and visceral pain. Peptides 25(10), 1733-1744 (2004).

Human CRF acetate is a chemical compound that effectively stimulates the synthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropin in the anterior pituitary.

K41498 TFA, an analog of antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30), is a potent and highly selective antagonist of CRF2 receptors, exhibiting K i values of 0.66 nM, 0.62 nM, and 425 nM for human CRF 2α, CRF 2β, and CRF 1 receptors, respectively. This compound effectively inhibits sauvagine-stimulated cAMP accumulation in cells expressing hCRF 2α and hCRF 2β. It is utilized in studies investigating hypotension [1].

Sauvagine TFA, a mammalian CRF agonist derived from a 40-amino-acid neuropeptide found in frog skin, effectively releases ACTH from rat pituitary cells. It exhibits pharmacological effects on diuresis, the cardiovascular system, and endocrine glands [1] [2] [3].

Urotensin I (Catostomus urotensin I) TFA is a CRF-like neuropeptide that acts as an agonist for CRF receptors, with pEC50 values of 11.46 for human CRF1, 9.36 for human CRF2, and 9.85 for rat CRF2α receptors in CHO cells. It shows binding affinities (Ki) of 0.4 nM for hCRF1, 1.8 nM for rCRF2α, and 5.7 nM for mCRF2β receptors [1] [2].

Urocortin III (human) is a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-related peptide that primarily interacts with and activates the CRF receptor type 2 (CRF-R2), showing a specific distribution in the central nervous system and periphery. It selectively binds to type 2 CRF receptors with dissociation constants (Ki values) of 13.5 nM for mouse CRF2β, 21.7 nM for rat CRF2α, and >100 nM for human CRF1, indicating a strong preference for CRF-R2 over CRF1. Additionally, Urocortin III (human) plays a crucial role in the somatostatin-dependent negative feedback mechanism regulating the secretion of Insulin (human).

α-Helical Corticotropin Releasing Factor (9-41) is a corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) antagonist that reduces plasma growth hormone (GH) levels in vivo [1] [2].

α-Helical Corticotropin Releasing Factor (12-41), a 30-amino-acid α-helical analogue of corticotropin releasing factor hormone (CRF), is a hypothalamic hormone that promotes adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) secretion. This compound counteracts CRF's stimulatory effect on ACTH secretion [1] [2].

[DPro5] Corticotropin Releasing Factor, human, rat, a selective R2 agonist of corticotropin-releasing factor hormone (CRF), is a hypothalamic hormone that prompts the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and β-endorphin. Unlike typical agents, it does not induce anxiogenic effects but instead influences learning and memory processes in rats [1].

Corticotropin Releasing Factor, ovine [Met(O)21], is a hypothalamic hormone isolated from ovine hypothalamic extracts. It functions by stimulating the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) [1].