as 15

Batanopride is a antiemetic 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.

AS15 is a novel covalent nanomolar inhibitor of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI).

Sorafenib (Bay 43-9006) is a multikinase inhibitor that targets Raf-1, B-Raf, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, VEGFR4, PDGFRβ, FLT3, c-Kit, and others (IC50=6 22 90 15 20 20 57 58 nM) with oral activity. It exhibits antitumor properties and can induce autophagy, apoptosis, and agonistic iron death.

(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE) is an important intracellular signaling agent generated by the reaction of linoleic acid with plant and mammalian lipoxygenases. It is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems and inhibits the adhesion of tumor cells to the vascular endothelium, while down-regulating IRGpIIb IIIa receptor expression at around 1 μM. Additionally, (S)-Coriolic acid is a metabolite of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and often acts as an endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. It induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial damage.

STK-15 is a candidate for use as an inhibitor of fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5).

B-Raf IN 15 is a BRAF inhibitor that inhibits BRAFWT and BRAFV600E and can be used in the study of melanoma and cancer, and can be optimized for use as a more effective BRA F inhibitor.

CCT241161 is an orally active pan-RAF inhibitor, with IC50 values of 3, 6, 10, 15, and 30 nM for LCK, CRAF, SRC, V600E-BRAF, and BRAF, respectively. It exhibits significant activity against BRAF and NRAS mutant melanomas and demonstrates anticancer cell proliferative effects [1].

Sorafenib tosylate (Bay 43-9006) is a potent multikinase inhibitor (IC50s: 6 20 22 nM for Raf-1 VEGFR-3 B-Raf).

Flumazenil (Ro 15-1788) antagonizes the benzodiazepine binding site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) benzodiazepine receptor complex in the central nervous system (CNS), thereby preventing the chloride channel opening events and inhibiting neuronal hyperpolarization. As a result, flumazenil reverses benzodiazepine-induced effects including sedation, psychomotor deficits, amnesia, and hypoventilation in a dose-dependent manner. Flumazenil is an imidazobenzodiazepine derivative, effective in reversing benzodiazepine-induced activities.

Cholesteryl linoleate is the major cholesteryl ester in LDL and atherosclerotic lesions. It is present in LDL as a cholesteryl ester that is oxidized to form cholesteryl linoleate hydroperoxides using LDL receptor-associated proteins that are transferred to the plasma membranes of macrophages and CHO cells expressing 15-lipoxygenase.

cis-1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride (Quaternium-15 cis-form) is an antimicrobial agent used in cosmetics as a cosmetic preservative and antistatic agent.cis-1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride is an oral teratogen, but not a dermal teratogen, and has been dosed in rats at doses exceeding the expected cumulative exposures for cosmetics.

PD 128042 (CI 976) is a potent, orally active, and selective ACAT inhibitor (IC50: 73 nM) as well as a lysophospholipid acyltransferase (LPAT) inhibitor. CI 976 inhibits Golgi-associated LPAT activity (IC50: 15 μM) and multiple membrane trafficking steps.

Talabostat (PT100, Val-boroPro) is a potent, nonselective and orally available dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.18 nM. Talabostat is a nonselective DPP-IV inhibitor, inhibiting DPP8 9, FAP, DPP2 and some other DASH family enzymes essentially as potently as it inhibits DPP-IV[1]. Talabostat stimulates the immune system by triggering a proinflammatory form of cell death in monocytes and macrophages known as pyroptosis. The inhibition of two serine proteases, DPP8 and DPP9, activates the proprotein form of caspase-1 independent of the inflammasome adaptor ASC[2]. Talabostat competitively inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) activity of FAP and CD26 DPP-IV, and there is a high-affinity interaction with the catalytic site due to the formation of a complex between Ser630 624 and the boron of talabostat[3]. Talabostat can stimulate immune responses against tumors involving both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. In WEHI 164 fibrosarcoma and EL4 and A20 2J lymphoma models, PT-100 causes regression and rejection of tumors. The antitumor effect appears to involve tumor-specific CTL and protective immunological memory. Talabostat treatment of WEHI 164-inoculated mice increases mRNA expression of cytokines and chemokines known to promote T-cell priming and chemoattraction of T cells and innate effector cells[3]. Talabostat treated mice show significant less fibrosis and FAP expression is reduced. Upon PT100 treatment, significant differences in the MMP-12, MIP-1α, and MCP-3 mRNA expression levels in the lungs are also observed. Treatment with PT100 in this murine model of pulmonary fibrosis has an anti-fibro-proliferative effect and increases macrophage activation[4]. [1]. Connolly BA, et al. Dipeptide boronic acid inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV: determinants of potencyand in vivo efficacy and safety. J Med Chem. 2008 Oct 9;51(19):6005-13. [2]. Okondo MC, et al. DPP8 and DPP9 inhibition induces pro-caspase-1-dependent monocyte and macrophage pyroptosis. Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Jan;13(1):46-53. [3]. Adams S, et al. PT-100, a small molecule dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor, has potent antitumor effects and augments antibody-mediated cytotoxicity via a novel immune mechanism. Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;64(15):5471-80. [4]. Egger C, et al. Effects of the fibroblast activation protein inhibitor, PT100, in a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 15;809:64-72.

Ara-G is an analog of the nucleoside guanosine and an active metabolite of nelarabine .1,2 Ara-G accumulates in T lymphoblasts and malignant T-lymphoid cells, where it is phosphorylated to produce ara-GTP and incorporated into the DNA.3,1 Ara-G inhibits DNA replication by 92% after 30 minutes when used at a concentration of 50 μM in CEM cells, which are used as a model for human T lymphoblasts.1 It also halts the cell cycle at the sub-G1 phase and induces apoptosis in CEM cells.3 Syngeneic bone marrow containing 6C3HED tumor cells treated with ara-G (100 mM) ex vivo prior to transplantation increases survival of lethally irradiated mice and induces reconstitution of lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid cell linages.4References1. Leanza, L., Miazzi, C., Ferraro, P., et al. Activation of guanine-β-D-arabinofuranoside and deoxyguanosine to triphosphates by a common pathway blocks T lymphoblasts at different checkpoints. Exp. Cell Res. 316(20), 3443-3453 (2010).2. Lambe, C.U., Averett, D.R., Paff, M.T., et al. 2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside: An agent for T-cell malignancies. Cancer Res. 55(15), 3352-3356 (1995).3. Rodriguez, C.O., Jr., Stellrecht, C.M., and Gandhi, V. Mechanisms for T-cell selective cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine. Blood 102(5), 1842-1848 (2003).4. Kurtzberg, J. Guanine arabinoside as a bone marrow-purging agent. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci 685(1), 225-236 (1993). Ara-G is an analog of the nucleoside guanosine and an active metabolite of nelarabine .1,2 Ara-G accumulates in T lymphoblasts and malignant T-lymphoid cells, where it is phosphorylated to produce ara-GTP and incorporated into the DNA.3,1 Ara-G inhibits DNA replication by 92% after 30 minutes when used at a concentration of 50 μM in CEM cells, which are used as a model for human T lymphoblasts.1 It also halts the cell cycle at the sub-G1 phase and induces apoptosis in CEM cells.3 Syngeneic bone marrow containing 6C3HED tumor cells treated with ara-G (100 mM) ex vivo prior to transplantation increases survival of lethally irradiated mice and induces reconstitution of lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid cell linages.4 References1. Leanza, L., Miazzi, C., Ferraro, P., et al. Activation of guanine-β-D-arabinofuranoside and deoxyguanosine to triphosphates by a common pathway blocks T lymphoblasts at different checkpoints. Exp. Cell Res. 316(20), 3443-3453 (2010).2. Lambe, C.U., Averett, D.R., Paff, M.T., et al. 2-Amino-6-methoxypurine arabinoside: An agent for T-cell malignancies. Cancer Res. 55(15), 3352-3356 (1995).3. Rodriguez, C.O., Jr., Stellrecht, C.M., and Gandhi, V. Mechanisms for T-cell selective cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine. Blood 102(5), 1842-1848 (2003).4. Kurtzberg, J. Guanine arabinoside as a bone marrow-purging agent. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci 685(1), 225-236 (1993).

AS601245.2TFA (345987-15-7 free base) (AS601245.2TFA) is a cell-permeable Inhibitor of JNK (IC50s of 150, 220, and 70 nM for hJNK1, hJNK2, and hJNK3, respectively).

Neurotensin TFA (39379-15-2 free base) is an endogenous 13 amino acid neuropeptide with profound opioid-independent analgesic effects. It behaves as a neurotransmitter in the brain, as a hormone in the gut, and also as a neuromodulator. It is implicated in the pathophysiology of several CNS disorders (including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, drug abuse, pain, cancer, inflammation, eating disorders, and central control of blood pressure) due to its association with a wide variety of neurotransmitter systems such as dopaminergic, sertonergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic systems. It has a role as a human metabolite, a mitogen, a neurotransmitter and a vulnerary.

Rivanicline hemioxalate, also known as RJR-2403 hemioxalate or (E)-Metanicotine hemioxalate, is a chemical compound acting as a neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist with pronounced selectivity for the α4β2 receptor subtype, showing over 1,000-fold greater selectivity for this subtype (Ki=26 nM) compared to α7 receptors (Ki=3.6 μM). Its in vitro studies demonstrate no significant activation of nAChRs in PC12 cells, muscle type nAChRs, or muscarinic receptors at concentrations up to 1 mM. Furthermore, Rivanicline displayed less than one-tenth the potency of nicotine in inducing ileum contraction, with substantially lower efficacy, and failed to antagonize nicotine-induced stimulation of muscle or ganglionic nAChR functions, with an IC50 value greater than 1 mM. Chronic exposure to Rivanicline at 10 microM led to up-regulation of high-affinity nAChRs in M10 cells, mimicking effects observed with nicotine. In vivo studies revealed that Rivanicline significantly reversed scopolamine-induced amnesia and improved working and reference memory in a rat model, while being 15 to 30 times less potent than nicotine in affecting body temperature, respiration, and other physiological responses. Metanicitone's potency was approximately five times lower than nicotine in tail-flick tests following subcutaneous administration, yet slightly more potent upon central administration.

Dolastatin 15, a depsipeptide derived from Dolabella auricularia, is a potent antimitotic agent structurally related to the anti-tubulin agent Dolastatin 10. Dolastatin 15 can be used as an ADC cytotoxin and it induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in m

PROTAC BRD2 BRD4 degrader-1 (compound 15) is a potent, selective degrader of BET proteins BRD4 and BRD2, achieving rapid, reversible, and unexpectedly selective elimination compared to BRD3. It effectively suppresses solid tumors with minimal cytotoxic effects and comprises a BET inhibitor, a connecting linker, and thalidomide as the ligand for cereblon (CRBN) cullin 4A[1].

Nic-15 (compound 4n) serves as an anti-constrictive agent targeting the low vascular characteristics of pancreatic tumors. These characteristics enable cancer cells to adapt to the nutrient-deficient tumor microenvironment and develop resistance to treatment. Nic-15 modulates the PI3K Akt mTOR pathway and alleviates ER stress induced by Gemcitabine. It significantly inhibits migration and colony formation in MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. When used in combination with Gemcitabine, Nic-15 effectively addresses resistance issues in pancreatic tumors. In xenograft models in vivo, Nic-15 notably enhances the efficacy of Gemcitabine.

PRMT3-IN-4 (intermediate 15) is an inhibitor of Protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3) and serves as the active control for SGC707. It can be utilized in the synthesis of PROTACs targeting PRMT3 and is applicable in research related to leukemia.

VS-15 is a selective inhibitor of IDO1, specifically binding to its apo-heme form. Additionally, VS-15 serves as an inhibitor of iNOS.

Ferroptosis-IN-15 (compound 12) serves as an effective inhibitor of ferroptosis, exhibiting EC50 values of 0.76 μM and 0.67 μM in A375 cells and 786-O cells, respectively. It acts as a potential iron chelator and radical-scavenging antioxidant.

15:0 PG sodium serves as an activator for the Protein Kinase C family and is an anionic phospholipid located in the membranes of mitochondria and microsomes. It plays a crucial role in the composition of pulmonary surfactants, especially within the membrane of the pulmonary lamellar bodies.