preferentially

Luzindole (N-0774) is a selective melatonin receptor antagonist that inhibits experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and exhibits antidepressant-like activity. It preferentially targets MT2 (Mel1b) over MT1 (Mel1a), with Ki values of 10.2 nM for human MT2 and 158 nM for MT1.

dopamine D1 receptor antagonist

Medifoxamine (LG 152) is a selective non-monoamine oxidase inhibitor that exhibits antidepressant activity through inhibition of 5 HT reuptake.Medifoxamine preferentially inhibits dopamine reuptake.

(-)-(S)-Equol (4',7-Dihydroxyisoflavan) is an orally bioavailable, non-steroidal estrogen naturally produced by the metabolism of the isoflavonoid daidzein by human intestinal microflora, with potential chemoprotective and estrogen receptor (ER) modulating activities. S-equol preferentially binds to and activates the beta isoform of ER in certain target tissues, while having an antagonistic effect in other tissues. This modulates the expression of ER-responsive genes in a tissue-specific manner. This agent may increase bone mineral density, affect vasomotor symptoms, and may decrease the proliferation rate of susceptible cancer cells. In addition, this agent interferes with the activity of enzymes involved in steroid biosynthesis. S-equol inhibits dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production and may inhibit the proliferation of androgen-driven prostate cancer. S-equol is the biologically active enantiomer while R-equol is essentially inactive and has a weak affinity for alpha-ER.

Benzoquinoquinoxaline (BQQ) is a heterocyclic compound with aminoalkyl side chains containing benzo and quinoline ring structures.BQQ is triple-helix specific stabilizing compounds by preferentially binding to DNA triple junctions and inserting between the bases.Complexes of BQQ with 1,10-phenanthroline are able to bind specifically to and cleave double-stranded DNA at the cleave double-stranded DNA at sites that form triple structures.

Dibutyryl-cGMP sodium (Bt2cGMP sodium) is a cell-permeable cGMP analog that preferentially activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). It inhibits [3H]-arachidonic acid release in human platelets stimulated by gamma thrombin and can induce peripheral analgesia by activating ATP-sensitive K+ channels.

Nutlin-3 is an MDM2 antagonist that inhibits MDM2-p53 interaction (Ki=90 nM) and activates p53. Nutlin-3 binds preferentially to the p53-binding pocket of MDM2, leading to stabilization of p53 and activation of the p53 pathway. Nutlin-3 has antitumor activity.

Ro5-3335 (CBFβ-Runx1 inhibitor II) is core binding factor (CBF) inhibitor; preferentially kills human leukemia cell lines with CBF fusion proteins (IC50 = 1.1 μM). Ro5-3335 represses RUNX1 CBFβ-dependent transactivation in reporter assays and inhibits transcriptional regulation by RUNX1 and CBFβ. Ro5-3335 also reduces the leukemia burden in a mouse model. Attenuates RUNX1-dependent hematopoiesis in zebrafish embryos. It also is a Tat antagonist and inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro.

RVX-297 is a BD2 selective inhibitor of BET bromodomains. RVX-297 preferentially binds to the BD2 domains of the BET bromodomain and Extra Terminal (BET) family of protein.

Simufilam dihydrochloride (PTI-125 dihydrochloride) is a low toxicity, orally active filamin A (FLNA) activator, which can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease. Simufilam dihydrochloride preferentially binds altered FLNA and restores its native conformation, restoring receptor and synaptic activities and reducing its α7nAChR TLR4 associations and downstream pathologies.

Heptamidine dimethanesulfonate (SBi4211 dimethanesulfonate) serves as a potent inhibitor related to Pentamidine, targeting the calcium-binding protein S100B with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 6.9 µM. It demonstrates specificity by preferentially killing melanoma cells overexpressing S100B compared to cells lacking this protein. Additionally, Heptamidine is employed as a valuable research tool in the study of Myotonic dystrophy (DM).

Chaetoglobosin A, the active compound extracted of Penicillium aquamarinium, is a member of the cytochalasan family. It preferentially induces apoptosis.

Etifoxine preferentially acts on β2 or β3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. GABAA receptor Etifoxine exhibits anxiolytic activity in rodents and humans with no sedative, myorelaxant or mnesic side effects. Etifoxine acts as a ligand of the translocator protein (TSPO); promotes axonal regeneration. Etifoxine(HOE 36-801) is potentiator of GABAA receptor function in cultured neurons.

AA147 (ATF6-activator-147) is a small molecule endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis regulator. The selectively activates ATF6 arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) .It acts as a prodrug that preferentially triggers ATF6 signaling through a mechanism involving localized metabolic activation and selective covalent modification of ER resident proteins that regulate ATF6 activity.

PYZD-4409 is a selective UBA1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 20 μM. PYZD-4409 induces cell death in malignant cells and is preferentially cytotoxic to malignant cells over normal hematopoietic cells.

BChE-IN-35 (Azo-9) is an inhibitor of BChE. This compound exhibits dynamic cis trans conformational changes, with the cis isomer preferentially binding to BChE. Additionally, BChE-IN-35 can be utilized in research on Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Collagenase Type II, an endopeptidic matrix metalloproteinase MMP-8 derived from the bacterium Clostridium histolyticum, preferentially degrades type I collagen and is commonly used in tissues requiring high digestive efficiency such as pancreas and liver.

Collagenase Type III, an endopeptide matrix metalloproteinase MMP-13 derived from the bacterium Clostridium histolyticum, preferentially degrades type III collagen and is commonly used in sensitive tissues such as breast, tumor, and uterus due to its mild activity.

Adekalant (also known as H 345 52) is an innovative antiarrhythmic compound characterized by minimal proarrhythmic activity. It blocks HERG-mediated currents in a concentration-dependent manner, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 230 nM. Adekalant binds preferentially to open channels and exhibits rapid kinetic behavior, being trapped when channels close. Its voltage-independent properties have been observed during square pulse and action potential clamp protocols. Research suggests that delaying the repolarization of human cardiac muscle through I(Kr) blockage is the primary mechanism of Adekalant’s action. It effectively blocks I(Kr) while having relatively low efficacy in blocking I(Ca), delaying ventricular repolarization without significantly increasing temporal or spatial dispersion and without inducing early afterdepolarizations or torsades de pointes (TdP).

Simufilamum (also known as PTI-125) is an oral small-molecule compound candidate that targets altered conformations of filamin A. It binds and reverts the misfolded filamin A in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients, thereby slowing the disease's pathological progression. Additionally, PTI-125 reduces tau protein hyperphosphorylation, decreases Aβ42 aggregation and deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation. The compound demonstrates concentration-dependent efficacy in vitro, starting at 1 picomolar (pM), in both control groups and post-mortem hippocampal slices from Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. PTI-125 is the first therapeutic candidate to preferentially bind and reverse pathogenic protein conformations.

DOTA-cyclo(RGDfK) is a and DOTA-like chelator peptide consisting of a dimer of the peptide cross-linker DOTA and the cyclic peptide RGDFK, which preferentially targets the αvβ3 integrin receptor expressed on tumor cell membranes, allowing for the preparation of radionuclide coupled compounds (RDCs) and their use in cancer diagnostics and therapy.

Galloflavin is a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor that inhibits the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. Galloflavin inhibits both human LDH isoforms (type A and type B) by preferentially binding to the free enzyme without competing with substrates or cofactors, with Ki values ​​calculated by pyruvate of 5.46 μM (LDH-A) and 15.06 μM (LDH-B).

Kelletinin I inhibit preferentially DNA polymerase alpha.

SK-7041 is an effective HDAC inhibitor that acts by preferentially inhibiting class I HDAC1 and HDAC2.