inflammation-related diseases

7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin (5-Hydroxy-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavone) exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activities, along with moderate antitrypanosomal activity, having an MIC value of 19.0 µg/mL.

1. Methyl eugenol (4-allylveratrole) is a natural constituent of the essential oils of a number of plants widely used in foodstuffs as flavouring agents, in view of the carcinogenic potential of ME, the need to check its presence in food products with effective analytical methods. 2. Methyleugenol has insecticidal properties. 3. Methyleugenol can inhibit the production of nitric oxide and decreased the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, it down-regulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ischemic brain as well as in immunostimulated mixed glial cells; indicates that methyleugenol could be useful for the treatment of ischemia/inflammation-related diseases. 4. Methyleugenol has cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. 5. Intravenous (i.v.) treatment with methyleugenol (ME) in either anesthetized or conscious rats elicits hypotension, an effect that seems related to an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. 6. Methyleugenol has antinociceptive effect on the second phase of formalin-induced pain, may be due to the inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor-mediated hyperalgesia via GABA(A) receptors. 7. Methyleugenol has elaxant and antispasmodic actions on guinea-pig isolated ileum.

1. Palmatine (Burasaine) is an inhibitor of dopamine generation. 2. Palmatine could potentially be developed for the treatment of flavivirus infections. 3. Palmatine has been used in the treatment of jaundice, dysentery, hypertension, inflammation, and liver-related diseases.

Scopolin (Scopoloside) formation is increased by the enhanced activity of PAL. Scopolin can reduce the clinical symptoms of rat AIA by inhibiting inflammation and angiogenesis, and this compound may be a potent agent for angiogenesis related diseases and can serve as a structural base for screening more potent synthetic analogs.

Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val), a 2,5-diketopiperazine extracted from the fruits of Mycobacterium chiliolyticum AZ2 and Mycobacterium leprae, possesses anti-inflammatory activity and virulence activity against phytopathogenic microorganisms (e.g., R. fascians LMG 3605) and inhibits Gram-positive plant pathogens.Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited IKKα phosphorylation and IκBα and NF-κB activation as well as iNOS and COX-2 activation in a concentration Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB, as well as the activation of iNOS and COX-2 in a concentration-dependent manner, and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.

Phytolaccagenin, a triterpenoid saponin, is the active component of Radix Phytolaccae, widely used in East Asian countries for treating inflammation-related diseases.

1. Cucurbitacin IIA (Dihydrocucurbitacin Q1) can induce apoptosis and enhance autophagy , contributes to the anti-inflammatory activity of Cucurbitacin IIA against inflammation-related diseases. 2. Cucurbitacin IIA is a novel class of anti-cancer drug in suppression of cancer cell expansion by disrupting the actin cytoskeleton and directing the cell to undergo PARP-mediated apoptosis through the inhibition of survivin downstream of JAK2 STAT3.

Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (Standard) is the standard substance of Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a fatty acid widely found in plants with antitumor and antiproliferative effects, inhibits the growth of xenograft tumor cells, and can be used in the study of inflammation-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and atopic dermatitis.

Isobavachalcone (Standard) is the standard substance of Isobavachalcone, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Isobavachalcone (Corylifolinin) is a chalcone constituent of Angelica keiskei, has potent anti-inflammatory activity, possible can ameliorate neuronal injury in brain diseases associated with inflammation.

Polyozellin is a prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor with properties effective against inflammation, cancer, and diseases related to oxidative stress.

β-Carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide acts as an XIAP antagonist with pro-apoptotic (Apoptosis) and anti-tumor properties, found in the leaves of Spondias mombin. In rat models of DMBA-induced breast cancer, it induces tumor cell apoptosis by binding to the BIR3 domain of the XIAP protein, thereby inhibiting its interaction with caspase-9. Additionally, β-carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide significantly reduces BCL-2, COX-2, and TNF-α expression in tumor tissue, decreases MDA levels, enhances catalase activity, and modulates biochemical markers in serum such as LDH, ALP, and ALT, indicating its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic protective effects. This compound is useful for researching inflammation-related diseases and tumors such as breast cancer.

Broussonin E could suppress inflammation by modulating macrophages activation state via inhibiting the ERK and p38 MAPK and enhancing JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway, and can be further developed as a promising drug for the treatment of inflammation-related

Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a fatty acid widely found in plants with antitumor and antiproliferative effects, inhibits the growth of xenograft tumor cells, and can be used in the study of inflammation-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and atopic dermatitis.