immune-response

BMS-202 (PD1-PDL1 inhibitor 2) is an inhibitor of the PD-1 (Programmed death- 1) PD-Ll (Programmed death-ligand 1) protein protein interaction.

RS 0481 modulates the immune response and rebuilds lymphocyte populations damaged by tumor growth in animals.

ROCK2-IN-10 is an effective ROCK inhibitor, which is widely used in the research fields of cell migration, invasion, differentiation, proliferation, immune response, drug resistance, cytoskeletal dynamics, etc.

JAK3 BTk-in-1 is a dual JAK3 BTK inhibitor that specifically targets and inhibits Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), two important targets in autoimmune diseases. JAK3 BTk-in-1 simultaneously inhibited the BTK JAK3 signaling pathway, showing a synergistic effect. JAK3 BTK-in-1 is a potential compound for the treatment of immune-related diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, certain types of cancer (including lymphoma and leukemia), and other diseases that may be characterized by an unbalanced immune response.

Imiquimod (R 837) is an immune response modifier that acts as a toll-like receptor 7 agonist.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Methyl hexadecanoate is an acaricidal compound found in green walnut hulls with anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties, inhibiting phagocytic activity and immune response.

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt monohydrate (MSG monohydrate) is an important food additive with gastrointestinal protective effects. It plays a critical role in nutrient metabolism, energy demand, immune response, oxidative stress, signal transduction, and synaptic transmission. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt monohydrate can induce oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis in mouse liver and brain tissues. It can protect against gastrointestinal damage caused by NSAIDs and Helicobacter pylori through multiple mechanisms.

Bz-RS-ISer(3-Ph)-Ome (Methyl (2R,3S)-3-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate) is a paclitaxel derivative that inhibits the HSV replication cycle at low cytotoxicity, blocks mitosis in Vero cells, affects the size of M-MSV-induced tumors, and influences the immune response by inhibiting PHA-induced proliferation of T lymphocytes.

Retinol (Alphalin) and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.

1. Kuwanon G (Moracenin B) as dual inhibitors of PTP1B and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as insulin sensitizers, it may potentially be utilized as an effective treatment for Type II diabetes mellitus. 2. Kuwanon G has anti-inflammatory activity, it can attenuate atherosclerosis through inhibiting foam cell formation and inflammatory response. 3. Kuwanon G is a potent inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B. 4. Kuwanon G shows acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase(BChE) inhibitory activities, it may be a promising candidate for preventive and therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease. 5. Kuwanon G prevents the pathological progression of allergic asthma through the inhibition of lung destruction by inflammation and immune stimulation. 6. Kuwanon G has antibacterial activity against oral pathogens. 7. Kuwanon G is a specific antagonist for the GRP-preferring receptor and can be useful for studying the physiological and pathological role of GRP.

1. Telocinobufagin (Telobufotoxin) is the major endogenous digitalis-like factor. 2. Telocinobufagin significantly decreases the bacterial burdens in the spleen and prolongs the survival time of FIST-immunized mice challenged with live S. typhimurium. 3. Telocinobufagin has immunomodulatory activity, can enhance a Th1 immune response to control intracellular infections, could be developed as a novel immunotherapeutic agent to treat cancer and other immune-mediated diseases.

I-BRD9 (GSK602) is the first selective cellular inhibitor for BRD9 with pIC50 of 7.3.

Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine acetate (DA-DKP) (DA-DKP) can modulate the inflammatory immune response through a molecular pathway implicated in T- lymphocyte anergy.

Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is a topical drug used to treat alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, and refractory warts. Diphencyprone acts as a local stimulator that triggers an immune response against the action of autoreactive cells.

ethyl 2-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate is a synthetic compound belonging to the curcumin family. It is involved in the regulation of immune response and inflammation through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, in the regulation of antioxidant response through activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation through inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway.

ZL0420 is a potent and selective bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitor with nanomolar binding affinities to the bromodomains (BDs) of BRD4, exhibiting IC50 values of 27 nM against BRD4 BD1 and 32 nM against BRD4 BD2.

J22352, a PROTAC (proteolysis-targeting chimeras)-like and highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 4.7 nM, enhances anticancer effects in glioblastoma by promoting HDAC6 degradation. It does so by inhibiting autophagy and stimulating the antitumor immune response, further restoring host antitumor activity through the reduction of PD-L1's immunosuppressive activity.

cGAMP disodium is a cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) found in bacteria that acts as an endogenous second messenger affecting interferon production in response to cytoplasmic DNA. cGAMP disodium cascades signals from type I interferons and other immune mediators by activating interferon gene stimulator (STING). cGAMP disodium is a potent sublingual immune adjuvant that enables better immune function (serum anti-PA neutralization and airway secretions anti-PA SIgA response).

7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist, as well as an endogenous ligand, of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). It serves as a chemokine directing the migration of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells and exhibits high potency in activating EBI2 (EC50=140 pM; Kd=450 pM) [1][2].

Nafocare B1 is a modifier of synthetic immune biological response.

Trehalose 6-behenate is a vaccine adjuvant that skews the immune response towards Th1 Th17.

AJI-100 serves as a dual-target inhibitor, effectively blocking Aurora kinase A and JAK2, with respective IC50 values of 12.7 nM and 18.5 nM. It inhibits T cell mitosis and cell polarity by directly targeting Aurora kinase A and reduces STAT3 phosphorylation by inhibiting JAK2 activation, consequently diminishing the differentiation of TH1 and TH17 cells. This compound is utilized in researching immune response regulation and the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

ES-072, a selective inhibitor targeting the EGFR mutant (EGFR-T790M), is administered orally. By hindering EGFR-T790M activity, it activates GSK3α, which subsequently leads to the phosphorylation of PD-L1 at Ser279 and Ser283. This phosphorylation facilitates the recruitment of the E3 ubiquitin ligase ARIH1, resulting in the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PD-L1. Such a process not only curtails the growth of cancer cells but also amplifies the anti-tumor immune response by diminishing PD-L1 levels. ES-072 has shown efficacy in impeding the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.