hepatocyte

Coelenterazine H is a synthetic derivative of coelenterazine (a light-emitting biomolecule).Coelenterazine h (CLZN-h) is more sensitive to Ca 2+ than is the native complex, thus providing a valuable tool for measuring small changes in Ca 2+ concentrations.

Etomoxir is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT-1a) inhibitor that inhibits fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting CPT-1a and inhibits palmitate oxidation in humans, rats, and guinea pigs. Etomoxir has an inhibitory effect on adenine nucleotide translocase and can inhibit macrophage polarization by disrupting CoA homeostasis.

Valproic Acid (2-Propylpentanoic Acid) is an HDAC inhibitor that inhibits HDAC1 activity, induces HDAC2 degradation, and is orally active. Valproic Acid can be used in epilepsy and bipolar disorder research.

Glycogen phosphorylase-IN-1 is a selective and potent inhibitor of human hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (hlGPa) with inhibitory effects on hlGPa activity and on hepatocyte glycogen-derived glucose production, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes mellitus and canine lupus.

Taurine (2-Aminoethanesulfonic acid) is an organic acid widely distributed in animal tissues and is one of the constituents of bile acids. Taurine is involved in a number of processes related to energy expenditure and muscle function, and can treat fatigue and muscles as well as improve immune function.

Rifampicin (Rifamycin AMP) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Rifampicin has a strong antibacterial effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is also effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and viruses.

Simvastatin (MK 733) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (Ki=0.2 nM) with oral activity. Simvastatin has hypolipidemic activity, inhibits hepatic production of cholesterol, and is also used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium (2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid magnesium) functions as an antioxidant and stimulates hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production. This long-acting vitamin C derivative promotes collagen formation and expression.

Glycyrrhizic acid (Glycyrrhizin) is a triterpenoid saponinl with anti-tumor and anti-diabetic activities.

Glycodeoxycholic Acid is an endogenous metabolite, a natural product found in Streptomyces niger, Trypanosoma brucei, and Cryptomonas, which induces hepatocyte necrosis and autophagy in patients with obstructive cholestasis.

BI 6015 is an antagonist of HNF4α. HNF4α is a nuclear receptor that regulates gene expression in the intestine cells, liver cells, and pancreas-β cells.

Etomoxir sodium salt ((R)-Etomoxir sodium salt) is a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT-1a) inhibitor that inhibits fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Etomoxir sodium salt has antitumor activity.

Brusatol (NSC-172924) is a natural product isolated from the Brucea javanica plant. It inhibits Nrf2.

Pamufetinib (TAS-115) is a potent kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met HGFR), with IC50s of 30 nM for rVEGFR2 and 32 nM for rMET, respectively.

Fosgonimeton acetate is an agonist of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).

SJA710-6 is able to selectively differentiate MSCs toward hepatocyte-like cells.

Pamufetinib mesylate (TAS-115 mesylate) is a potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) antagonist and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met) inhibitor used in the study of cancer and respiratory diseases.

Crizotinib, an orally bioavailable agent, belongs to the class of c-met/hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors with potential antineoplastic activity.

TCPOBOP, a constitutive androstane receptor agonist, induces robust hepatocyte proliferation and hepatomegaly while decreasing Fas-induced murine liver injury by altering Bcl-2 proteins.

Phthalazinone pyrazole is potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of Aurora-A kinase. Aurora-A is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types and displays oncogenic activity.

Ono 1301 is a prostaglandin I2 mimetic coumpound with inhibitory activity against thromboxane A2 synthase. Ono 1301 suppresses pancreatic fibrosis in the DBTC-induced CP model by inhibiting monocyte activity not only with induction of HGF but also by Ono

Bulevirtide (Myrcludex B) acetate is a viral particle entry inhibitor that blocks the hepatocyte entry pathway for viral particles, the hepatic sodium taurine co-transport polypeptide (NTCP) receptor. It can be used in HBV and HDV infection studies.

β-Apooxytetracycline is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of oxytetracycline. β-Apooxytetracycline is a degradation product formed from oxytetracycline via acid hydrolysis. It has a relative potency of 0.1 compared with oxytetracycline for inhibiting the growth of aerobic sludge bacteria, an MIC50 value of 32 mg/L for tetracycline-sensitive strains of Pseudomonas, and MIC50 values of greater than 32 mg/L for tetracycline-sensitive strains of Agrobacterium, Moraxella, and Bacillus, as well as tetracycline-resistant strains of E. coli. β-Apooxytetracycline (10 mg/kg) is toxic to rats, decreasing body weight, disrupting blood cell counts, and inducing hepatocyte necrosis.

Ethoxyquin dimer is an antioxidant and metabolite of ethoxyquin .1 It prevents oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish meal and fish oil. Dietary administration of ethoxyquin dimer (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5% w/w) induces microvesicular steatosis and hepatocyte necrosis, as well as increases liver levels of oxidized glutathione and total lipids in mice.2