h2o2

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

Spermidine (N-(3-Aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane) inhibits NOS1 (nNOS). Spermidine binds and precipitates DNA and may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Spermidine activates PNK (polynucleotide kinase T4). Spermidine binds to and activates NMDA and has been shown to potentiate NMDA-induced currents in a concentration-dependent manner.

Spermidine trihydrochloride (4-Azaoctamethylenediamine trihydrochloride), a natural polyamine, is a novel autophagy inducer and negatively modulates N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA).

Iron sucrose (Sucroferric oxyhydroxide) is treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

Zinc Protoporphyrin (Zn(II)-protoporphyrin IX) is an orally active, competitive inhibitor of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) that markedly attenuates the protective effects of Phloroglucinol (PG) against H2O2 and exhibits anti-cancer activity.

Vulpinic Acid (Pulvinic acid methyl ester) is a lichen metabolite with anti-inflammatory, antibacteria, properties, plant growth inhibitor.

3,4-Dimethoxybenzyl alcohol is a secondary metabolite of lignin-degrading fungi and is commonly used as a non-phenolic substrate to measure ligninolytic activity.Veratryl alcohol protects lignin peroxidase (LiP) from inactivation by H2O2 and prevents accumulation of LiP III compounds[3].

Carteolol hydrochloride (Abbott-43326) is a synthetic quinolinone derivative, antihypertensive Carteolol Hydrochloride is a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent for beta-1 and beta-2 receptors with no membrane-stabilizing activity but moderate intrinsic sympathomimetic effects. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and certain arrhythmias and as an anti-angina and antiglaucoma agent.

Catalase is an essential enzyme in the metabolism of H2O2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression and localization of Catalase are markedly altered in tumors.

2,5-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dio (Thermophillin) is a natural product. The redox cycle of 2,5-dimethoxybenzoquinone is a source of reducing equivalent for the regeneration of Fe2+ and H2O2 in brown rot fungal decay of wood.

BRD3067 FA is a structurally negative control for tubastatin A, which prevents it from entering the active site of the enzyme and protects neurons from H2O2.

MAO-B-IN-2 is a selective and competitive inhibitor of MAO-B and BChE with IC50 values of 0.51 μM and 7.00 μM, respectively. It attenuates H2O2-induced cellular damage due to its strong ROS scavenging properties.

Methyl 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate (3,4-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester) is a gallic acid derivative from Pinus sylvestris exhibiting antibacterial activity and antioxidant properties in the presence of H2O2.

Ezetimibe ketone (EZM-K) is a metabolite of Ezetimibe with antioxidant activity, alleviating H2O2-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NRK-52E cells, upregulating Nrf2 and HO-1 levels.

Huangjiangsu A has hepatoprotective potential against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and ROS generation and could be promising as potential therapeutic agents for liver diseases. Huangjiangsu A is isolated from D. villosa.

AChE BChE-IN-21 is an antagonist of the histamine H3 receptor, a calcium channel blocker, and an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. It exhibits neuroprotective activities against H2O2 and Aβ1-40, and can restore cognitive functions in AD mice.

FO-4-15 is an activator of mGluR1 CaMKIIα. It exhibits protective effects against H2O2 in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. In mice with Alzheimer's disease, FO-4-15 enhances cognitive function by activating the mGluR1 CaMKIIα pathway, reducing Aβ accumulation, Tau hyperphosphorylation, and synaptic damage.

Res-Glu3, a derivative of Resveratrol, exhibits antioxidant activities in a rat ischemia-reperfusion model and reduces ROS accumulation. It also provides neuroprotection against H2O2-induced cellular damage in PC12 cells.

9(10)-Nitrooleate, a mixture of endogenous lipid signaling molecules composed of 9-nitrooleic acid and 10-nitrooleic acid, is synthesized through nitration of oleic acid in the presence of peroxynitrite, nitrous acid, and myeloperoxidase with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrite as auxiliary reagents.

Dopaminechrome (DACHR) is an oxidation product of dopamine that promotes the generation of H2O2 at mitochondrial complex I in the brain in a concentration- and respiration-dependent manner. It possesses neurotoxic properties and can be utilized in Parkinson's disease research.

ERBB agonist-1 (Compound EF-1) is an ERBB4 agonist that activates the ERBB4 signaling pathway by inducing ERBB4 receptor dimerization, with an EC50 of 10.5 μM. It promotes phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1 2, reduces collagen expression in cardiac fibroblasts, and inhibits H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte death and Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, ERBB agonist-1 can prevent myocardial fibrosis and demonstrates cardioprotective effects in mouse models.

Nrf2 HO-1 Activator 3 (Compound C3a) is an activator of the Nrf2 signaling pathway that facilitates the translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus and enhances the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In H9c2 cardiomyocytes subjected to H2O2 or high glucose stimulation, Nrf2 HO-1 Activator 3 inhibits the excessive expression of ROS and MDA, suppressing cell viability and colony formation, thereby exhibiting antioxidant activity.

AChE-IN-81 (compound 22) is a reversible, selective inhibitor of AChE with an 80.0% inhibition rate and an IC50 of 3.7 μM. It binds to AChE with an affinity (Kd) of 5.37 μM. AChE-IN-81 effectively reduces apoptosis in zebrafish brain cells and shows potential neuroprotective activity in an H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage model.

AChE-IN-82 (compound 49) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. It inhibits eeAChE, eqBChE, hMAO-A, hMAO-B, and BACE-1 with IC50 values of 0.072, 9.81, 14.52, 0.024, and 2.42 μM, respectively. Additionally, AChE-IN-82 inhibits COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX with IC50 values of 60.41, 0.187, and 0.18 μM, respectively. The compound also demonstrates strong neuroprotective effects by significantly reducing H2O2-induced oxidative stress.