carbonic anhydrase ii

Brinzolamide (AL-4862) is a Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase.

Urea (Carbonyldiamide) is formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end metabolite of protein catabolism and accounts for about one-half of the total urinary solids.

Dorzolamide hydrochloride (MK507 hydrochloride) is the hydrochloride salt form of dorzolamide, an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase, a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the rapid conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons and bicarbonate ions. Distributed throughout many cells and tissues, various carbonic anhydrases play important roles in mineral and metabolic homeostasis.

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a natural product.

U-104 (NSC-213841) is an effective carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor for CA IX( Ki=45.1 nM) and CA XII(Ki=4.5 nM).

CAIX Inhibitor S4 (S4) is an effective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase IX/XII with a Ki of 7 nM and 2 nM, respectively. The Kis for CA II and CA I are 546 and 5600 nM.

hCAI/II-IN-6 is a selective and orally active inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (CA). hCAI/II-IN-6 inhibited hCA I, hCA II, hCA VII, and hCA XII with Ki values of 220, 4.9, 6.5, and ＞50,000 nM. hCAI/II-IN-6 showed anticonvulsant activity in vivo. hCAI/II-IN-6 can be used to study epilepsy. hCAI/II-IN-6 showed anticonvulsant activity in vivo. hCAI/II-IN-6 can be used to study epilepsy.

hCAII-IN-9 is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.18 μM for hCA II, 0.17 μM for hCA IX, and 2.99 μM for hCA XII. It is not blood-brain barrier permeable.

Human carbonic anhydrase II-IN-1 (Compound S-13) is a potent human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) inhibitor. Human carbonic anhydrase II-IN-1 shows Kis of 4.4 nM, 9.2 nM, 480.2 nM and 14.7 nM for hCA II, I, IV and IX, respectively. Human carbonic anhydrase II-IN-1 can be used for glaucoma research.

Human carbonic anhydrase II-IN-24 (Compound R-13) is a potent human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor. Human carbonic anhydrase II-IN-24 shows K i s of 60.7, 320.7, 2298, and 35.2 nM for hCA I, II, IV and IX, respectively.

Methazolamide (CL 8490) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.

Zonisamide (AD 810), a sulfonamide anticonvulsant, is approved for use as an adjunctive treatment in adults with partial-onset seizures. It may inhibit a carbonic anhydrase although this is not one of the main mechanisms of action. Zonisamide may act by blocking repetitive firing of voltage-gated sodium channels results in a reduction of T-type calcium channel currents, or by binding allosterically to GABA receptors. This latter action may lower the uptake of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA while increasing the uptake of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate.

Benzthiazide (Lemazide) is used in the therapy of edema and hypertension. Like other thiazides, benzthiazide accelerates water loss from the body (diuretics). They inhibit Na+/Cl- reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubules in the kidneys. Thiazides also cause loss of potassium and an increase in serum uric acid. Thiazides are often used to treat hypertension, but their hypotensive effects are not necessarily due to their diuretic activity. Thiazides have been shown to prevent hypertension-related morbidity and mortality although the mechanism is not fully understood. Thiazides cause vasodilation by activating calcium-activated potassium channels (large conductance) in vascular smooth muscles and inhibiting various carbonic anhydrases in vascular tissue.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6 is a potent human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor that inhibits hCA IX, hCA II, hCA XII, and hCA I. It is used in the study of diseases caused by abnormalities in carbonic anhydrase.

Compound CDy9 is a highly selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA) with an IC50 value of 0.18 μM for hCA II.

Enpp/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1 (compound 1e) is a potent inhibitor of Enpp and carbonic anhydrase, exhibiting IC50s of 1.36, 1.35, 3.00, 0.88, and 1.02 µM for NPP1, NPP2, NPP3, CA-II, and CA-IX respectively. Enpp/Carbonic anhydrase-IN-1 also demonstrates selective antiproliferative activity for cancer cells.

hCAI II IV-IN-28(WAY-638358) is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with potential anticonvulsant activity.

Compound 6T, designated as Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor26, acts as an inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrase II (Carbonic AnhydraseII), exhibiting an IC50 value of 9.10 ± 0.26 μM.

hCA I-IN-4 (Compound 14) is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterase, effectively inhibiting hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BChE with Ki values of 29.94 nM, 17.72 nM, 21.21 nM, and 7.65 nM, respectively. It also demonstrates cytotoxicity in BT-549 cells, with an IC50 of 16.59 μM.

AChE hCA I-IN-1 (Compound L3) is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carbonic anhydrase (CA), effectively inhibiting AChE, hCA I, and hCA II with IC50 values of 302 nM, 265 nM, and 283 nM, respectively.

hCAI II-IN-10 (Compound 5d) is an inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and hCA II), with IC50 values of 4.32 nM and 3.89 nM, respectively.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor30 (compound 17) is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase with Ki values of 2.13 μM for hCA I and 0.161 μM for hCA II[1].

hCAI/II-IN-11 (compound 2c) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with IC50 values of 12.56 μM and 13.02 μM for hCAI and hCA II, respectively. In addition, hCAI/II-IN-11 exhibits antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor32 (compound 5B) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of hCA (carbonic anhydrase) II/VII, with Ki values of 6.3 nM for hCA II, 10.1 nM for hCA VII, and 681 nM for hCA I. It shows potential for neuroprotection and anticonvulsant effects by reducing mTOR activation and increasing hippocampal KCC2 levels.