Sulfotransferase

Sulfotransferases (SULT) are enzymes that catalyse the transfer of sulphate groups (SO₃) from adenosine monophosphate phosphate (PAPS) to the hydroxyl or amino groups of small molecules. They are extensively involved in the metabolism and detoxification of hormones, bile acids, neurotransmitters, drugs, and exogenous compounds. The human SULT family comprises multiple subtypes (e.g., SULT1, SULT2), exhibiting differential expression in tissues such as the liver, intestine, and brain. The substrate specificity, polymorphism, and expression regulation of SULTs directly influence drug metabolism, hormonal homeostasis, and susceptibility to certain diseases.